Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Expression of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor trkB in the ganglion cell layer of the Xenopus retina during retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dendritic arborization indicates that BDNF is spatially and temporally available to influence RGC morphological differentiation (; ). BDNF promotes RGCaxon arborization in vivo by acting as a target-derived trophic factor (). To determine whether BDNF also acts locally to regulate RGC dendritic development in vivo, we altered retinal neurotrophin levels at the onset of dendritic arborization and assessed the resulting arbor morphologies of RGCs retrogradely labeled with fluorescent dextrans. Injecting neurotrophins or BDNF function-blocking antibodies coupled to microspheres provided local alterations of retinal neurotrophin levels. BDNF significantly decreased RGC dendritic arbor complexity, whereas neutralizing endogenous BDNF levels with function-blocking antibodies significantly increased dendritic arbor complexity. RGCs exposed to other neurotrophins, as well as RGCs in retinae treated with BDNF but in areas not directly exposed to the neurotrophin, developed dendritic arbors that were indistinguishable from controls, indicating that exogenous BDNF acts specifically and locally. In the tectum, where RGC axons arborize, BDNF had opposite effects. BDNF significantly increased RGCaxon arbor complexity and anti-BDNF reduced RGC arborization. Thus, BDNF reduces RGC dendritic arborization within the retina and increases axon arborization in the tectum. These results indicate that BDNF can differentially modulate axonal and dendritic arborization within a single neuronal population in opposing manners and raise the possibility that differential modulation by a neurotrophic factor finely tunes the morphological differentiation program of a neuron.
Barbacid,
Neurotrophic factors and their receptors.
1995, Pubmed
Barbacid,
Neurotrophic factors and their receptors.
1995,
Pubmed Barbacid,
The Trk family of neurotrophin receptors.
1994,
Pubmed Barde,
Neurotrophins: a family of proteins supporting the survival of neurons.
1994,
Pubmed Berninger,
Fast actions of neurotrophic factors.
1996,
Pubmed Bothwell,
Functional interactions of neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors.
1995,
Pubmed Bovolenta,
Neurotrophin-3 antibodies disrupt the normal development of the chick retina.
1996,
Pubmed Cabelli,
Inhibition of ocular dominance column formation by infusion of NT-4/5 or BDNF.
1995,
Pubmed Campbell,
Dendritic development of retinal ganglion cells after prenatal intracranial infusion of tetrodotoxin.
1997,
Pubmed Cohen-Cory,
The cellular patterns of BDNF and trkB expression suggest multiple roles for BDNF during Xenopus visual system development.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Cohen-Cory,
BDNF in the development of the visual system of Xenopus.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Cohen-Cory,
NGF and excitatory neurotransmitters regulate survival and morphogenesis of cultured cerebellar Purkinje cells.
1991,
Pubmed Cohen-Cory,
Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on optic axon branching and remodelling in vivo.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase de la Rosa,
Role of neurotrophins in the control of neural development: neurotrophin-3 promotes both neuron differentiation and survival of cultured chick retinal cells.
1994,
Pubmed Escandón,
Regulation of neurotrophin receptor expression during embryonic and postnatal development.
1994,
Pubmed Garner,
Expression of TrkB receptor isoforms in the developing avian visual system.
1996,
Pubmed Ghosh,
Requirement for BDNF in activity-dependent survival of cortical neurons.
1994,
Pubmed Goodman,
Developmental mechanisms that generate precise patterns of neuronal connectivity.
1993,
Pubmed Guo,
Leukemia inhibitory factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor cause dendritic retraction in cultured rat sympathetic neurons.
1999,
Pubmed Hallböök,
Expression of neurotrophins and trk receptors in the avian retina.
1996,
Pubmed Herzog,
Contributions of the optic tectum and the retina as sources of brain-derived neurotrophic factor for retinal ganglion cells in the chick embryo.
1998,
Pubmed Holt,
A single-cell analysis of early retinal ganglion cell differentiation in Xenopus: from soma to axon tip.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Jelsma,
Different forms of the neurotrophin receptor trkB mRNA predominate in rat retina and optic nerve.
1993,
Pubmed Karlsson,
Nerve growth factor receptor TrkA is expressed by horizontal and amacrine cells during chicken retinal development.
1998,
Pubmed McAllister,
Neurotrophins regulate dendritic growth in developing visual cortex.
1995,
Pubmed McAllister,
Neurotrophins and synaptic plasticity.
1999,
Pubmed McAllister,
Opposing roles for endogenous BDNF and NT-3 in regulating cortical dendritic growth.
1997,
Pubmed McAllister,
Neurotrophin regulation of cortical dendritic growth requires activity.
1996,
Pubmed Nawa,
BDNF protein measured by a novel enzyme immunoassay in normal brain and after seizure: partial disagreement with mRNA levels.
1995,
Pubmed O'Rourke,
Rapid remodeling of retinal arbors in the tectum with and without blockade of synaptic transmission.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Perez,
Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and of its functional receptor in neonatal and adult rat retina.
1995,
Pubmed Riddle,
NT-4-mediated rescue of lateral geniculate neurons from effects of monocular deprivation.
1995,
Pubmed Riddle,
Focal delivery of neurotrophins into the central nervous system using fluorescent latex microspheres.
1997,
Pubmed Rodriguez-Tébar,
The survival of chick retinal ganglion cells in response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor depends on their embryonic age.
1989,
Pubmed Sakaguchi,
The development of retinal ganglion cells deprived of their targets.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sakaguchi,
The development of retinal ganglion cells in a tetraploid strain of Xenopus laevis: a morphological study utilizing intracellular dye injection.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Shelton,
Human trks: molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and expression of extracellular domain immunoadhesins.
1995,
Pubmed Snider,
Are neurotrophins synaptotrophins?
1996,
Pubmed Song,
cAMP-induced switching in turning direction of nerve growth cones.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Song,
Conversion of neuronal growth cone responses from repulsion to attraction by cyclic nucleotides.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sretavan,
Modification of retinal ganglion cell axon morphology by prenatal infusion of tetrodotoxin.
1988,
Pubmed Stowell,
Axon/dendrite targeting of metabotropic glutamate receptors by their cytoplasmic carboxy-terminal domains.
1999,
Pubmed Troilo,
Factors controlling the dendritic arborization of retinal ganglion cells.
1996,
Pubmed Vanselow,
Target dependence of chick retinal ganglion cells during embryogenesis: cell survival and dendritic development.
1990,
Pubmed von Bartheld,
Neurotrophins in the developing and regenerating visual system.
1998,
Pubmed Wingate,
Retinal ganglion cell dendritic development and its control. Filling the gaps.
1996,
Pubmed Wingate,
Targeting and activity-related dendritic modification in mammalian retinal ganglion cells.
1994,
Pubmed Witte,
In vivo observations of timecourse and distribution of morphological dynamics in Xenopus retinotectal axon arbors.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wong,
Remodeling of retinal ganglion cell dendrites in the absence of action potential activity.
1991,
Pubmed Yamasaki,
Dendritic remodelling of retinal ganglion cells during development of the rat.
1993,
Pubmed
