Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Nuclear localization signal peptides induce molecular delivery along microtubules.
Salman H, Abu-Arish A, Oliel S, Loyter A, Klafter J, Granek R, Elbaum M.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Many essential processes in eukaryotic cells depend on regulated molecular exchange between its two major compartments, the cytoplasm and the nucleus. In general, nuclear import of macromolecular complexes is dependent on specific peptide signals and their recognition by receptors that mediate translocation through the nuclear pores. Here we address the question of how protein products bearing such nuclear localization signals arrive at the nuclear membrane before import, i.e., by simple diffusion or perhaps with assistance of cytoskeletal elements or cytoskeleton-associated motor proteins. Using direct single-particle tracking and detailed statistical analysis, we show that the presence of nuclear localization signals invokes active transport along microtubules in a cell-free Xenopus egg extract. Chemical and antibody inhibition of minus-end directed cytoplasmic dynein blocks this active movement. In the intact cell, where microtubules project radially from the centrosome, such an interaction would effectively deliver nuclear-targeted cargo to the nuclear envelope in preparation for import.
Abu-Arish,
Three-dimensional reconstruction of Agrobacterium VirE2 protein with single-stranded DNA.
2004, Pubmed
Abu-Arish,
Three-dimensional reconstruction of Agrobacterium VirE2 protein with single-stranded DNA.
2004,
Pubmed Alexandrova,
The N-terminal domain of c-Myc associates with alpha-tubulin and microtubules in vivo and in vitro.
1995,
Pubmed Allan,
Cell cycle control of microtubule-based membrane transport and tubule formation in vitro.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Allan,
Organelle motility and membrane network formation in metaphase and interphase cell-free extracts.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Amblard,
Subdiffusion and Anomalous Local Viscoelasticity in Actin Networks.
1996,
Pubmed Ambron,
A signal sequence mediates the retrograde transport of proteins from the axon periphery to the cell body and then into the nucleus.
1992,
Pubmed Blocker,
Molecular requirements for bi-directional movement of phagosomes along microtubules.
1997,
Pubmed Campbell,
Role of the cytoskeleton in nuclear import.
2003,
Pubmed Carazo-Salas,
Ran-GTP coordinates regulation of microtubule nucleation and dynamics during mitotic-spindle assembly.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Caspi,
Diffusion and directed motion in cellular transport.
2002,
Pubmed Christie,
The Agrobacterium tumefaciens virE2 gene product is a single-stranded-DNA-binding protein that associates with T-DNA.
1988,
Pubmed Ciciarello,
Importin beta is transported to spindle poles during mitosis and regulates Ran-dependent spindle assembly factors in mammalian cells.
2004,
Pubmed Citovsky,
The molecular structure of agrobacterium VirE2-single stranded DNA complexes involved in nuclear import.
1997,
Pubmed Citovsky,
Cooperative interaction of Agrobacterium VirE2 protein with single-stranded DNA: implications for the T-DNA transfer process.
1989,
Pubmed Döhner,
The role of the cytoskeleton during viral infection.
2005,
Pubmed Döhner,
Function of dynein and dynactin in herpes simplex virus capsid transport.
2002,
Pubmed Dong,
Microtubule binding to Smads may regulate TGF beta activity.
2000,
Pubmed Finlay,
Reconstitution of biochemically altered nuclear pores: transport can be eliminated and restored.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Giannakakou,
p53 is associated with cellular microtubules and is transported to the nucleus by dynein.
2000,
Pubmed Görlich,
Transport between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm.
1999,
Pubmed Hanz,
Axoplasmic importins enable retrograde injury signaling in lesioned nerve.
2003,
Pubmed Heald,
Self-organization of microtubules into bipolar spindles around artificial chromosomes in Xenopus egg extracts.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hirokawa,
Kinesin and dynein superfamily proteins and the mechanism of organelle transport.
1998,
Pubmed Hughes,
The role of the ran GTPase in nuclear assembly and DNA replication: characterisation of the effects of Ran mutants.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kalab,
The ran GTPase regulates mitotic spindle assembly.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kalab,
Visualization of a Ran-GTP gradient in interphase and mitotic Xenopus egg extracts.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kelkar,
Cytoplasmic dynein mediates adenovirus binding to microtubules.
2004,
Pubmed King,
Dynactin increases the processivity of the cytoplasmic dynein motor.
2000,
Pubmed Lam,
Nuclear transport of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related protein is dependent on microtubules.
2002,
Pubmed Lane,
Microtubule-based membrane movement.
1998,
Pubmed Lasek,
Attachment of transported vesicles to microtubules in axoplasm is facilitated by AMP-PNP.
,
Pubmed Lin,
Cytoplasmic dynein undergoes intracellular redistribution concomitant with phosphorylation of the heavy chain in response to serum starvation and okadaic acid.
1994,
Pubmed López de Heredia,
mRNA localization and the cytoskeleton.
2004,
Pubmed Luby-Phelps,
Cytoarchitecture and physical properties of cytoplasm: volume, viscosity, diffusion, intracellular surface area.
2000,
Pubmed Mabit,
Intact microtubules support adenovirus and herpes simplex virus infections.
2002,
Pubmed Mason,
Optical measurements of frequency-dependent linear viscoelastic moduli of complex fluids.
1995,
Pubmed McDonald,
Visualization of the intracellular behavior of HIV in living cells.
2002,
Pubmed Mesika,
Enhanced intracellular mobility and nuclear accumulation of DNA plasmids associated with a karyophilic protein.
2005,
Pubmed Nachury,
Importin beta is a mitotic target of the small GTPase Ran in spindle assembly.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Newmeyer,
Nuclear import can be separated into distinct steps in vitro: nuclear pore binding and translocation.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Newmeyer,
In vitro transport of a fluorescent nuclear protein and exclusion of non-nuclear proteins.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Newmeyer,
Egg extracts for nuclear import and nuclear assembly reactions.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Nieuwenhuizen,
Random walks of molecular motors arising from diffusional encounters with immobilized filaments.
2004,
Pubmed Ohba,
Self-organization of microtubule asters induced in Xenopus egg extracts by GTP-bound Ran.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Palmer,
Diffusing wave spectroscopy microrheology of actin filament networks.
1999,
Pubmed Parsons,
Microtubule assembly in clarified Xenopus egg extracts.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Paschal,
MAP 1C is a microtubule-activated ATPase which translocates microtubules in vitro and has dynein-like properties.
1987,
Pubmed Pu,
The balance of RanBP1 and RCC1 is critical for nuclear assembly and nuclear transport.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Reinsch,
Movement of nuclei along microtubules in Xenopus egg extracts.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Seisenberger,
Real-time single-molecule imaging of the infection pathway of an adeno-associated virus.
2001,
Pubmed Sheetz,
Motor and cargo interactions.
1999,
Pubmed Shimizu,
Inhibitors of the dynein ATPase and ciliary or flagellar motility.
1995,
Pubmed Smith,
Systems analysis of Ran transport.
2002,
Pubmed Smith,
Nuclear localization signal receptor importin alpha associates with the cytoskeleton.
1998,
Pubmed Sodeik,
Microtubule-mediated transport of incoming herpes simplex virus 1 capsids to the nucleus.
1997,
Pubmed Suikkanen,
Exploitation of microtubule cytoskeleton and dynein during parvoviral traffic toward the nucleus.
2003,
Pubmed Suomalainen,
Microtubule-dependent plus- and minus end-directed motilities are competing processes for nuclear targeting of adenovirus.
1999,
Pubmed Suomalainen,
Adenovirus-activated PKA and p38/MAPK pathways boost microtubule-mediated nuclear targeting of virus.
2001,
Pubmed Tekotte,
Intracellular mRNA localization: motors move messages.
2002,
Pubmed Theriot,
Involvement of profilin in the actin-based motility of L. monocytogenes in cells and in cell-free extracts.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tzfira,
VIP1, an Arabidopsis protein that interacts with Agrobacterium VirE2, is involved in VirE2 nuclear import and Agrobacterium infectivity.
2001,
Pubmed Tzfira,
Agrobacterium T-DNA integration: molecules and models.
2004,
Pubmed Ullman,
RNA polymerase III transcription in synthetic nuclei assembled in vitro from defined DNA templates.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Vale,
Identification of a novel force-generating protein, kinesin, involved in microtubule-based motility.
1985,
Pubmed Valentine,
Mechanical properties of Xenopus egg cytoplasmic extracts.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Vousden,
The ins and outs of p53.
2000,
Pubmed Wang,
Single cytoplasmic dynein molecule movements: characterization and comparison with kinesin.
1995,
Pubmed Waterman-Storer,
Microtubules remodel actomyosin networks in Xenopus egg extracts via two mechanisms of F-actin transport.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wiese,
Role of importin-beta in coupling Ran to downstream targets in microtubule assembly.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ye,
The herpes simplex virus 1 U(L)34 protein interacts with a cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain and targets nuclear membrane.
2000,
Pubmed Ziegelbauer,
Transcription factor MIZ-1 is regulated via microtubule association.
2001,
Pubmed Zumofen,
Enhanced diffusion in random velocity fields.
1990,
Pubmed Zupan,
Agrobacterium VirE2 protein mediates nuclear uptake of single-stranded DNA in plant cells.
1996,
Pubmed
