Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Photoreceptors of the Xenopus laevis retina are the site of a circadian clock. As part of a differential display screen for rhythmic gene products in this system, we have identified a photoreceptor-specific mRNA expressed in peak abundance at night. cDNA cloning revealed an open reading frame encoding a putative 388 amino acid protein that we have named "nocturnin" (for night-factor). This protein has strong sequence similarity to the C-terminal domain of the yeast transcription factor, CCR4, as well as a leucine zipper-like dimerization motif. Nocturnin mRNA levels exhibit a high amplitude circadian rhythm and nuclear run-on analysis indicates that it is controlled by the retinal circadian clock at the level of transcription. Our observations suggest that nocturnin may function through protein-protein interaction either as a component of the circadian clock or as a downstream effector of clock function.
Besharse,
Circadian clock in Xenopus eye controlling retinal serotonin N-acetyltransferase.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Bond,
Liquefaction of cortical tissue in diabetic and galactosemic rat lenses defined by confocal laser scanning microscopy.
1996,
Pubmed Cahill,
Resetting the circadian clock in cultured Xenopus eyecups: regulation of retinal melatonin rhythms by light and D2 dopamine receptors.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Cahill,
Circadian clock functions localized in xenopus retinal photoreceptors.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Chomczynski,
Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction.
1987,
Pubmed Cleveland,
Number and evolutionary conservation of alpha- and beta-tubulin and cytoplasmic beta- and gamma-actin genes using specific cloned cDNA probes.
1980,
Pubmed Deguchi,
A circadian oscillator in cultured cells of chicken pineal gland.
1979,
Pubmed Denis,
The yeast CCR4 protein is neither regulated by nor associated with the SPT6 and SPT10 proteins and forms a functionally distinct complex from that of the SNF/SWI transcription factors.
1994,
Pubmed Dorow,
Identification of a new family of human epithelial protein kinases containing two leucine/isoleucine-zipper domains.
1993,
Pubmed Draper,
Identification of a mouse protein whose homolog in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a component of the CCR4 transcriptional regulatory complex.
1995,
Pubmed Draper,
CCR4 is a glucose-regulated transcription factor whose leucine-rich repeat binds several proteins important for placing CCR4 in its proper promoter context.
1994,
Pubmed Dunlap,
Genetic analysis of circadian clocks.
1993,
Pubmed Florez,
The circadian clock: from molecules to behaviour.
1995,
Pubmed Gekakis,
Isolation of timeless by PER protein interaction: defective interaction between timeless protein and long-period mutant PERL.
1995,
Pubmed Green,
Tryptophan hydroxylase expression is regulated by a circadian clock in Xenopus laevis retina.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Green,
Use of a high stringency differential display screen for identification of retinal mRNAs that are regulated by a circadian clock.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Green,
Regulation of tryptophan hydroxylase expression by a retinal circadian oscillator in vitro.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hall,
Tripping along the trail to the molecular mechanisms of biological clocks.
1995,
Pubmed Harrison,
A structural taxonomy of DNA-binding domains.
1991,
Pubmed Hastings,
Circadian rhythms. What makes the clock tick?
1994,
Pubmed Huang,
PAS is a dimerization domain common to Drosophila period and several transcription factors.
1993,
Pubmed Kay,
New models in vogue for circadian clocks.
1995,
Pubmed Kozak,
An analysis of 5'-noncoding sequences from 699 vertebrate messenger RNAs.
1987,
Pubmed Landschulz,
The leucine zipper: a hypothetical structure common to a new class of DNA binding proteins.
1988,
Pubmed Liang,
Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction.
1992,
Pubmed Loros,
Molecular cloning of genes under control of the circadian clock in Neurospora.
1989,
Pubmed Malvar,
The CCR4 protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a leucine-rich repeat region which is required for its control of ADH2 gene expression.
1992,
Pubmed Mukai,
A novel protein kinase with leucine zipper-like sequences: its catalytic domain is highly homologous to that of protein kinase C.
1994,
Pubmed Pierce,
Circadian regulation of iodopsin gene expression in embryonic photoreceptors in retinal cell culture.
1993,
Pubmed Rabindran,
Regulation of heat shock factor trimer formation: role of a conserved leucine zipper.
1993,
Pubmed Ralph,
A mutation of the circadian system in golden hamsters.
1988,
Pubmed Ralph,
Transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus determines circadian period.
1990,
Pubmed Sehgal,
Loss of circadian behavioral rhythms and per RNA oscillations in the Drosophila mutant timeless.
1994,
Pubmed Takahashi,
Circadian-clock regulation of gene expression.
1993,
Pubmed Tosini,
Circadian rhythms in cultured mammalian retina.
1996,
Pubmed Treisman,
Shortsighted acts in the decapentaplegic pathway in Drosophila eye development and has homology to a mouse TGF-beta-responsive gene.
1995,
Pubmed Vinson,
Scissors-grip model for DNA recognition by a family of leucine zipper proteins.
1989,
Pubmed Vitaterna,
Mutagenesis and mapping of a mouse gene, Clock, essential for circadian behavior.
1994,
Pubmed Vosshall,
Block in nuclear localization of period protein by a second clock mutation, timeless.
1994,
Pubmed Weitz,
Circadian timekeeping: loops and layers of transcriptional control.
1997,
Pubmed
