Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Retinoids exert pleiotropic effects on the development of vertebrates through the action of retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR). We have investigated the effect of synthetic retinoids selective for RXR and RAR on the development of Xenopus and zebrafish embryos. In Xenopus, both ligands selective for RAR and RXR caused striking malformations along the anterior-posterior axis, whereas in zebrafish only ligands specific for RAR caused embryonic malformations. In Xenopus, RAR- and RXR-selective ligands regulated the expression of the Xlim-1, gsc, and HoxA1 genes similarly as all-trans-retinoic acid. Nevertheless, RXR-selective ligands activated only an RXR responsive reporter but not an RAR responsive reporter introduced by microinjection into the Xenopus embryo, consistent with our failure to detect conversion of an RXR-selective ligand to different derivatives in the embryo. These results suggest that Xenopus embryos possess a unique response pathway in which liganded RXR can control gene expression. Our observations further illustrate the divergence in retinoid responsiveness between different vertebrate species.
Allenby,
Retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors: interactions with endogenous retinoic acids.
1993, Pubmed
Allenby,
Retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors: interactions with endogenous retinoic acids.
1993,
Pubmed Apfel,
A retinoic acid receptor alpha antagonist selectively counteracts retinoic acid effects.
1992,
Pubmed Aström,
Retinoic acid and synthetic analogs differentially activate retinoic acid receptor dependent transcription.
1990,
Pubmed Bernard,
Identification of synthetic retinoids with selectivity for human nuclear retinoic acid receptor gamma.
1992,
Pubmed Blumberg,
Multiple retinoid-responsive receptors in a single cell: families of retinoid "X" receptors and retinoic acid receptors in the Xenopus egg.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Brooks,
Myeloid differentiation and retinoblastoma phosphorylation changes in HL-60 cells induced by retinoic acid receptor- and retinoid X receptor-selective retinoic acid analogs.
1996,
Pubmed Dawid,
Regulatory interactions during embryogenesis in Xenopus laevis.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Durston,
Retinoic acid causes an anteroposterior transformation in the developing central nervous system.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ellinger-Ziegelbauer,
The pattern of retinoic acid receptor gamma (RAR gamma) expression in normal development of Xenopus laevis and after manipulation of the main body axis.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Forman,
Unique response pathways are established by allosteric interactions among nuclear hormone receptors.
1995,
Pubmed Joore,
Effects of retinoic acid on the expression of retinoic acid receptors during zebrafish embryogenesis.
1994,
Pubmed Keeble,
The relationship among retinoid structure, affinity for retinoic acid-binding protein, and ability to respecify pattern in the regenerating axolotl limb.
1989,
Pubmed Kolm,
Regulation of the Xenopus labial homeodomain genes, HoxA1 and HoxD1: activation by retinoids and peptide growth factors.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kraft,
The retinoid X receptor ligand, 9-cis-retinoic acid, is a potential regulator of early Xenopus development.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kurokawa,
Regulation of retinoid signalling by receptor polarity and allosteric control of ligand binding.
1994,
Pubmed Lehmann,
Retinoids selective for retinoid X receptor response pathways.
1992,
Pubmed Medin,
Quantitative increases in DNA binding affinity and positional effects determine 9-cis retinoic acid induced activation of the retinoid X receptor beta homodimer.
1994,
Pubmed Minucci,
Dominant negative retinoid X receptor beta inhibits retinoic acid-responsive gene regulation in embryonal carcinoma cells.
1994,
Pubmed Ottonello,
Retinol bound to cellular retinol-binding protein is a substrate for cytosolic retinoic acid synthesis.
1993,
Pubmed Papalopulu,
The expression of murine Hox-2 genes is dependent on the differentiation pathway and displays a collinear sensitivity to retinoic acid in F9 cells and Xenopus embryos.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Perlmann,
A novel pathway for vitamin A signaling mediated by RXR heterodimerization with NGFI-B and NURR1.
1995,
Pubmed Ruiz i Altaba,
Retinoic acid modifies the pattern of cell differentiation in the central nervous system of neurula stage Xenopus embryos.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sive,
Identification of a retinoic acid-sensitive period during primary axis formation in Xenopus laevis.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sive,
Retinoic acid perturbs the expression of Xhox.lab genes and alters mesodermal determination in Xenopus laevis.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Taira,
Expression of the LIM class homeobox gene Xlim-1 in pronephros and CNS cell lineages of Xenopus embryos is affected by retinoic acid and exogastrulation.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Thaller,
9-cis-retinoic acid, a potent inducer of digit pattern duplications in the chick wing bud.
1993,
Pubmed Willy,
LXR, a nuclear receptor that defines a distinct retinoid response pathway.
1995,
Pubmed
