Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Incorporation of chromosomal proteins HMG-14/HMG-17 into nascent nucleosomes induces an extended chromatin conformation and enhances the utilization of active transcription complexes.
Trieschmann L, Alfonso PJ, Crippa MP, Wolffe AP, Bustin M.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The role of chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 in the generation of transcriptionally active chromatin was studied in a Xenopus laevis egg extract which supports complementary DNA strand synthesis and chromatin assembly. Chromosomal proteins HMG-14/HMG-17 enhanced transcription from a chromatin template carrying a 5S rRNA gene, but not from a DNA template. The transcriptional potential of chromatin was enhanced only when these proteins were incorporated into the template during, but not after, chromatin assembly. HMG-14 and HMG-17 stimulate transcription by increasing the activity, and not the number, of transcribed templates. They unfold the chromatin template without affecting the nucleosomal repeat or decreasing the content of histone B4. We suggest that HMG-14/HMG-17 enhance transcription by inducing an extended conformation in the chromatin fiber, perhaps due to interactions with histone tails in nucleosomes. By disrupting the higher order chromatin structure HMG-14/HMG-17 increase the accessibility of target sequences to components of the transcriptional apparatus.
Albright,
Subunit structures of different electrophoretic forms of nucleosomes.
1980, Pubmed
Albright,
Subunit structures of different electrophoretic forms of nucleosomes.
1980,
Pubmed Alfonso,
The footprint of chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17 on chromatin subunits.
1994,
Pubmed Allan,
Participation of core histone "tails" in the stabilization of the chromatin solenoid.
1982,
Pubmed Almouzni,
Transcription complex disruption caused by a transition in chromatin structure.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Almouzni,
Replication-coupled chromatin assembly is required for the repression of basal transcription in vivo.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Almouzni,
Chromatin assembly on replicating DNA in vitro.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Almouzni,
Competition between transcription complex assembly and chromatin assembly on replicating DNA.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Almouzni,
Nuclear assembly, structure, and function: the use of Xenopus in vitro systems.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Barratt,
A mitogen- and anisomycin-stimulated kinase phosphorylates HMG-14 in its basic amino-terminal domain in vivo and on isolated mononucleosomes.
1994,
Pubmed Bogenhagen,
Stable transcription complexes of Xenopus 5S RNA genes: a means to maintain the differentiated state.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Brotherton,
Preferential in vitro binding of high mobility group proteins 14 and 17 to nucleosomes containing active and DNase I sensitive single-copy genes.
1986,
Pubmed Brotherton,
Binding of HMG 17 to mononucleosomes of the avian beta-globin gene cluster in erythroid and non-erythroid cells.
1990,
Pubmed Bustin,
Recombinant human chromosomal proteins HMG-14 and HMG-17.
1991,
Pubmed Bustin,
Structural features of the HMG chromosomal proteins and their genes.
1990,
Pubmed Crippa,
Deposition of chromosomal protein HMG-17 during replication affects the nucleosomal ladder and transcriptional potential of nascent chromatin.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Crippa,
Nucleosome core binding region of chromosomal protein HMG-17 acts as an independent functional domain.
1992,
Pubmed Dimitrov,
Remodeling sperm chromatin in Xenopus laevis egg extracts: the role of core histone phosphorylation and linker histone B4 in chromatin assembly.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ding,
Stimulation of RNA polymerase II elongation by chromosomal protein HMG-14.
1994,
Pubmed Drew,
Reconstitution of short-spaced chromatin from the histone octamer and either HMG-14,17 or histone H1.
1993,
Pubmed Druckmann,
Immunofractionation of DNA sequences associated with HMG-17 in chromatin.
1986,
Pubmed Du,
Mechanisms of transcriptional synergism between distinct virus-inducible enhancer elements.
1993,
Pubmed Einck,
The intracellular distribution and function of the high mobility group chromosomal proteins.
1985,
Pubmed Emerson,
Specific factor conferring nuclease hypersensitivity at the 5' end of the chicken adult beta-globin gene.
1984,
Pubmed Espel,
Phosphorylation of high-mobility-group protein 14 by two specific kinases modifies its interaction with histone oligomers in free solution.
1987,
Pubmed Ferrari,
SRY, like HMG1, recognizes sharp angles in DNA.
1992,
Pubmed Garcia-Ramirez,
Role of the histone "tails" in the folding of oligonucleosomes depleted of histone H1.
1992,
Pubmed Godde,
Chromatin structure of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. A nucleosome repeat length that is shorter than the chromatosomal DNA length.
1992,
Pubmed Gottesfeld,
Assembly of transcriptionally active 5S RNA gene chromatin in vitro.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Graziano,
Interaction of HMG14 with chromatin.
1990,
Pubmed Hansen,
Influence of chromatin folding on transcription initiation and elongation by RNA polymerase III.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hansen,
A role for histones H2A/H2B in chromatin folding and transcriptional repression.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kamakaka,
Potentiation of RNA polymerase II transcription by Gal4-VP16 during but not after DNA replication and chromatin assembly.
1993,
Pubmed Kassavetis,
S. cerevisiae TFIIIB is the transcription initiation factor proper of RNA polymerase III, while TFIIIA and TFIIIC are assembly factors.
1990,
Pubmed Laemmli,
Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
1970,
Pubmed Landsman,
Assessment of the transcriptional activation potential of the HMG chromosomal proteins.
1991,
Pubmed Laybourn,
Role of nucleosomal cores and histone H1 in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II.
1991,
Pubmed Lohr,
Comparative subunit structure of HeLa, yeast, and chicken erythrocyte chromatin.
1977,
Pubmed Malik,
Enrichment of acetylated histones in polynucleosomes containing high mobility group protein 17 revealed by immunoaffinity chromatography.
1984,
Pubmed Ohsumi,
Chromosome condensation in Xenopus mitotic extracts without histone H1.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Pash,
Aberrant expression of high mobility group chromosomal protein 14 affects cellular differentiation.
1993,
Pubmed Paton,
Nonhistone nuclear high mobility group proteins 14 and 17 stabilize nucleosome core particles.
1983,
Pubmed Paull,
The nonspecific DNA-binding and -bending proteins HMG1 and HMG2 promote the assembly of complex nucleoprotein structures.
1993,
Pubmed Peterson,
Characterization of two xenopus somatic 5S DNAs and one minor oocyte-specific 5S DNA.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Postnikov,
Distribution of high mobility group proteins 1/2, E and 14/17 and linker histones H1 and H5 on transcribed and non-transcribed regions of chicken erythrocyte chromatin.
1991,
Pubmed Ring,
Chemical cross-linking of H1 histone to the nucleosomal histones.
1979,
Pubmed Sandeen,
The interaction of high mobility proteins HMG14 and 17 with nucleosomes.
1980,
Pubmed Schröter,
The binding sites for large and small high-mobility-group (HMG) proteins. Studies on HMG-nucleosome interactions in vitro.
1982,
Pubmed Simpson,
Nucleosome positioning: occurrence, mechanisms, and functional consequences.
1991,
Pubmed Smith,
Expression of a histone H1-like protein is restricted to early Xenopus development.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Smith,
Domains of the positive transcription factor specific for the Xenopus 5S RNA gene.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Spaulding,
Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent phosphorylation of HMG 14 inhibits its interactions with nucleosomes.
1991,
Pubmed Svaren,
The structure and assembly of active chromatin.
1990,
Pubmed Tahourdin,
Immunochemical detection of chromosomal protein HMG-17 in chromatin subunits.
1981,
Pubmed Thanos,
The high mobility group protein HMG I(Y) is required for NF-kappa B-dependent virus induction of the human IFN-beta gene.
1992,
Pubmed Tremethick,
High mobility group proteins 14 and 17 can space nucleosomal particles deficient in histones H2A and H2B creating a template that is transcriptionally active.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tremethick,
High mobility group proteins 14 and 17 can space nucleosomes in vitro.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Weisbrod,
Isolation of a subclass of nuclear proteins responsible for conferring a DNase I-sensitive structure on globin chromatin.
1979,
Pubmed Wolffe,
The transcription complex of the Xenopus somatic 5 S RNA gene. A functional analysis of protein-DNA interactions outside of the internal control region.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wolffe,
Dominant and specific repression of Xenopus oocyte 5S RNA genes and satellite I DNA by histone H1.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wolffe,
Chromatin assembly.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wolffe,
Transcription fraction TFIIIC can regulate differential Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription in vitro.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wolffe,
A bacteriophage RNA polymerase transcribes through a Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription complex without disrupting it.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wolffe,
Replication timing and Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription in vitro.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
