Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The transcription factor GATA-2 is present in blood cell precursors and plays a pivotal role in the control of erythroid differentiation. In Xenopus embryos, low levels of GATA-2 mRNA are maternally derived, while the onset of zygotic GATA-2 expression coincides with commitment to haematopoietic lineages. However, its initial transcriptional activation is not restricted to the presumptive blood islands, but occurs throughout ventral and lateral regions, in all three germ layers. In order to determine how this expression pattern is controlled, we have isolated and characterized the Xenopus GATA-2 gene. We show that 1.65 kb of 5' flanking sequences are sufficient to direct both correct transcriptional initiation in oocytes and appropriate temporal and spatial gene expression in early embryos. The transgene is activated during gastrulation and by neurula stages in predominantly expressed in the ventral hemisphere. We demonstrate that a CCAAT element is necessary for gene activity in both systems and that extracts prepared from oocytes and embryos contain a factor which specifically recognizes this element. We also show that cytoplasmic localization inhibits the function of this CCAAT factor until the beginning of gastrulation, when the zygotic GATA-2 gene is activated. These observations extend our understanding of the mechanisms by which maternal factors control the temporal activation of transcription in early vertebrate embryos.
Beg,
I kappa B interacts with the nuclear localization sequences of the subunits of NF-kappa B: a mechanism for cytoplasmic retention.
1992, Pubmed
Beg,
I kappa B interacts with the nuclear localization sequences of the subunits of NF-kappa B: a mechanism for cytoplasmic retention.
1992,
Pubmed Briegel,
Ectopic expression of a conditional GATA-2/estrogen receptor chimera arrests erythroid differentiation in a hormone-dependent manner.
1993,
Pubmed Chan,
Construction and selection of recombinant plasmids containing full-length complementary DNAs corresponding to rat insulins I and II.
1979,
Pubmed Chodosh,
Human CCAAT-binding proteins have heterologous subunits.
1988,
Pubmed David,
Activation of transcription factors by interferon-alpha in a cell-free system.
1992,
Pubmed Devine,
Differential expression of the members of the discoidin I multigene family during growth and development of Dictyostelium discoideum.
1982,
Pubmed Engel,
cis and trans regulation of tissue-specific transcription.
1992,
Pubmed Groudine,
Activation of globin genes during chicken development.
1981,
Pubmed Gurdon,
The use of Xenopus oocytes for the expression of cloned genes.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hannon,
Structure and promoter activity of the gene for the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1.
1991,
Pubmed Johnson,
Eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins.
1989,
Pubmed Karlinsey,
Simultaneous purification of DNA and RNA from small numbers of eukaryotic cells.
1989,
Pubmed Kelley,
Ventral expression of GATA-1 and GATA-2 in the Xenopus embryo defines induction of hematopoietic mesoderm.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kenten,
Cloning and sequence determination of the gene for the human immunoglobulin epsilon chain expressed in a myeloma cell line.
1982,
Pubmed Kirchhoff,
GATA tandem repeats detect minisatellite regions in blowfly DNA (Diptera: Calliphoridae).
1988,
Pubmed Ko,
DNA-binding specificities of the GATA transcription factor family.
1993,
Pubmed Krieg,
Developmental regulation of a gastrula-specific gene injected into fertilized Xenopus eggs.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Labastie,
Structure and expression of the human GATA3 gene.
1994,
Pubmed Laughlin,
Sodium butyrate treatment of cells latently infected with HIV-1 results in the expression of unspliced viral RNA.
1993,
Pubmed Laverriere,
GATA-4/5/6, a subfamily of three transcription factors transcribed in developing heart and gut.
1994,
Pubmed Leibham,
Binding of TFIID and MEF2 to the TATA element activates transcription of the Xenopus MyoDa promoter.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Leonard,
Expression of the chicken GATA factor family during early erythroid development and differentiation.
1993,
Pubmed Mayor,
Distinct elements of the xsna promoter are required for mesodermal and ectodermal expression.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase McKnight,
Transcriptional selectivity of viral genes in mammalian cells.
1986,
Pubmed Means,
Transcription initiation from the dihydrofolate reductase promoter is positioned by HIP1 binding at the initiation site.
1990,
Pubmed Miklos,
Occurrence of the (GATA)n sequences in vertebrate and invertebrate genomes.
1989,
Pubmed Miller,
A novel, erythroid cell-specific murine transcription factor that binds to the CACCC element and is related to the Krüppel family of nuclear proteins.
1993,
Pubmed Miller,
The nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution of the Xenopus nuclear factor, xnf7, coincides with its state of phosphorylation during early development.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mitchell,
Transcription factor AP-2 is expressed in neural crest cell lineages during mouse embryogenesis.
1991,
Pubmed Mohun,
Upstream sequences required for tissue-specific activation of the cardiac actin gene in Xenopus laevis embryos.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mouthon,
Expression of tal-1 and GATA-binding proteins during human hematopoiesis.
1993,
Pubmed Myers,
Fine structure genetic analysis of a beta-globin promoter.
1986,
Pubmed Nagai,
Transcription factor GATA-2 is expressed in erythroid, early myeloid, and CD34+ human leukemia-derived cell lines.
1994,
Pubmed Orkin,
GATA-binding transcription factors in hematopoietic cells.
1992,
Pubmed Ovsenek,
Analysis of CCAAT box transcription factor binding activity during early Xenopus laevis embryogenesis.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ovsenek,
A maternal factor, OZ-1, activates embryonic transcription of the Xenopus laevis GS17 gene.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Proudfoot,
Transcriptional analysis of human zeta globin genes.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Rupp,
Xenopus embryos regulate the nuclear localization of XMyoD.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sargent,
Analysis of class II gene regulation.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Seed,
A simple phase-extraction assay for chloramphenicol acyltransferase activity.
1988,
Pubmed Smale,
The "initiator" as a transcription control element.
1989,
Pubmed Snape,
Transcription factor AP-2 is tissue-specific in Xenopus and is closely related or identical to keratin transcription factor 1 (KTF-1).
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase St Johnston,
The origin of pattern and polarity in the Drosophila embryo.
1992,
Pubmed Tsai,
Functional analysis and in vivo footprinting implicate the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 as a positive regulator of its own promoter.
1991,
Pubmed Tsai,
An early haematopoietic defect in mice lacking the transcription factor GATA-2.
1994,
Pubmed Walmsley,
Highly efficient beta globin transcription in the absence of both a viral enhancer and erythroid factors.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Walmsley,
Negative control of Xenopus GATA-2 by activin and noggin with eventual expression in precursors of the ventral blood islands.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Walters,
Functional erythroid promoters created by interaction of the transcription factor GATA-1 with CACCC and AP-1/NFE-2 elements.
1992,
Pubmed Whiteside,
Signal transduction and nuclear targeting: regulation of transcription factor activity by subcellular localisation.
1993,
Pubmed Wolffe,
The Y-box factors: a family of nucleic acid binding proteins conserved from Escherichia coli to man.
1992,
Pubmed Wyllie,
Selective DNA conservation and chromatin assembly after injection of SV40 DNA into Xenopus oocytes.
1978,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Yamamoto,
Activity and tissue-specific expression of the transcription factor NF-E1 multigene family.
1990,
Pubmed Zapp,
Elements and factors involved in tissue-specific and embryonic expression of the liver transcription factor LFB1 in Xenopus laevis.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Zon,
Expression of GATA-binding proteins during embryonic development in Xenopus laevis.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
