Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Evidence that HIV-1 Rev directly promotes the nuclear export of unspliced RNA.
Fischer U, Meyer S, Teufel M, Heckel C, Lührmann R, Rautmann G.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The Rev trans-activator of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a protein that regulates the simultaneous appearance in the cytoplasm of both spliced and unspliced forms of viral mRNAs from the same viral transcripts by way of recognition of a target sequence termed the Rev-responsive element (RRE). Whether Rev acts directly on RNA export or by inhibition of splicing, or both, is still a matter of debate. We have addressed this issue in Xenopus laevis oocytes by microinjecting RNA molecules containing RRE along with purified recombinant Rev protein into the oocyte nuclei. Adenovirus pre-mRNA containing an RRE in the intron was spliced equally well in the absence and presence of Rev protein. Only in the presence of Rev was non-spliced pre-mRNA exported from the nucleus; more surprisingly, the excised intron lariat (containing RRE) was also exported. Furthermore, an RRE-containing mRNA molecule that lacked intron sequences was also efficiently exported from the nucleus in a Rev-dependent manner. Therefore our results demonstrate that Rev can act directly at the level of nuclear export, independent of any inhibitory effect that it may exert on the splicing of pre-mRNA. Finally, our finding that the Rev mutant M10, shown previously to be inactive in human lymphoid cells, was also unable to export RRE-containing RNA molecules from oocyte nuclei suggests that one or more cellular factors, evolutionarily conserved between humans and Xenopus, interact with Rev in both cell systems to promote nuclear RNA export.
Arrigo,
Rev is necessary for translation but not cytoplasmic accumulation of HIV-1 vif, vpr, and env/vpu 2 RNAs.
1991, Pubmed
Arrigo,
Rev is necessary for translation but not cytoplasmic accumulation of HIV-1 vif, vpr, and env/vpu 2 RNAs.
1991,
Pubmed Berger,
Mutational analysis of functional domains in the HIV-1 Rev trans-regulatory protein.
1991,
Pubmed Chang,
Messenger RNA transport and HIV rev regulation.
1990,
Pubmed Chang,
Regulation by HIV Rev depends upon recognition of splice sites.
1989,
Pubmed Cullen,
Mechanism of action of regulatory proteins encoded by complex retroviruses.
1992,
Pubmed D'Agostino,
The Rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promotes polysomal association and translation of gag/pol and vpu/env mRNAs.
1992,
Pubmed Daly,
Perturbation of the carboxy terminus of HIV-1 Rev affects multimerization on the Rev responsive element.
1993,
Pubmed Dargemont,
Export of mRNA from microinjected nuclei of Xenopus laevis oocytes.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Emerman,
The rev gene product of the human immunodeficiency virus affects envelope-specific RNA localization.
1989,
Pubmed Feinberg,
HTLV-III expression and production involve complex regulation at the levels of splicing and translation of viral RNA.
1986,
Pubmed Felber,
rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 affects the stability and transport of the viral mRNA.
1989,
Pubmed Frendewey,
Stepwise assembly of a pre-mRNA splicing complex requires U-snRNPs and specific intron sequences.
1985,
Pubmed Hamm,
Functional analysis of mutant Xenopus U2 snRNAs.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hamm,
An abundant U6 snRNP found in germ cells and embryos of Xenopus laevis.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hamm,
Monomethylated cap structures facilitate RNA export from the nucleus.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Jarmolowski,
Nuclear export of different classes of RNA is mediated by specific factors.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kjems,
Specific regulation of mRNA splicing in vitro by a peptide from HIV-1 Rev.
1991,
Pubmed Kjems,
Structural analysis of the interaction between the human immunodeficiency virus Rev protein and the Rev response element.
1991,
Pubmed Kjems,
The basic domain of Rev from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 specifically blocks the entry of U4/U6.U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein in spliceosome assembly.
1993,
Pubmed Malim,
Functional dissection of the HIV-1 Rev trans-activator--derivation of a trans-dominant repressor of Rev function.
1989,
Pubmed Malim,
The HIV-1 rev trans-activator acts through a structured target sequence to activate nuclear export of unspliced viral mRNA.
1989,
Pubmed Malim,
Rev and the fate of pre-mRNA in the nucleus: implications for the regulation of RNA processing in eukaryotes.
1993,
Pubmed Malim,
HIV-1 structural gene expression requires the binding of multiple Rev monomers to the viral RRE: implications for HIV-1 latency.
1991,
Pubmed Malim,
Mutational definition of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev activation domain.
1991,
Pubmed McDonald,
Posttranscriptional regulation by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev and human T-cell leukemia virus type I Rex proteins through a heterologous RNA binding site.
1992,
Pubmed Melton,
Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter.
1984,
Pubmed Mermer,
Identification of trans-dominant HIV-1 rev protein mutants by direct transfer of bacterially produced proteins into human cells.
1990,
Pubmed Muesing,
Nucleic acid structure and expression of the human AIDS/lymphadenopathy retrovirus.
,
Pubmed Mullis,
Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction.
1987,
Pubmed Ruhl,
Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A is a cellular target of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev activation domain mediating trans-activation.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Schwartz,
Distinct RNA sequences in the gag region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 decrease RNA stability and inhibit expression in the absence of Rev protein.
1992,
Pubmed Terns,
Multiple cis-acting signals for export of pre-U1 snRNA from the nucleus.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Venkatesan,
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev activation can be achieved without Rev-responsive element RNA if Rev is directed to the target as a Rev/MS2 fusion protein which tethers the MS2 operator RNA.
1992,
Pubmed Venkatesh,
Mutants in a conserved region near the carboxy-terminus of HIV-1 Rev identify functionally important residues and exhibit a dominant negative phenotype.
1990,
Pubmed Zapp,
Sequence-specific RNA binding by the HIV-1 Rev protein.
1989,
Pubmed
