Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
J Neurosci
2005 Mar 02;259:2338-47. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4889-04.2005.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Ca2+-dependent regulation of rho GTPases triggers turning of nerve growth cones.
Jin M, Guan CB, Jiang YA, Chen G, Zhao CT, Cui K, Song YQ, Wu CP, Poo MM, Yuan XB.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation and changes in Rho GTPase activity are both known to mediate axon guidance by extracellular factors, but the causal relationship between these two events has been unclear. Here we show that direct elevation of cytoplasmic Ca2+ by extracellular application of a low concentration of ryanodine, which activated Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, upregulated Cdc42/Rac, but downregulated RhoA, in cultured cerebellar granule cells and human embryonic kidney 293T cells. Chemoattractive turning of the growth cone triggered by a gradient of ryanodine was blocked by overexpression of mutant forms of Cdc42 but not of RhoA in Xenopus spinal cord neurons. Furthermore, Ca2+-induced GTPase activity correlated with activation of protein kinase C and required a basal activity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Thus, Rho GTPases may mediate axon guidance by linking upstream Ca2+ signals triggered by guidance factors to downstream cytoskeletal rearrangements.
Akasaki,
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent and -independent activation of the small GTPase Rac2 in human neutrophils.
1999, Pubmed
Akasaki,
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent and -independent activation of the small GTPase Rac2 in human neutrophils.
1999,
Pubmed Alder,
Overexpression of synaptophysin enhances neurotransmitter secretion at Xenopus neuromuscular synapses.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Aurandt,
The semaphorin receptor plexin-B1 signals through a direct interaction with the Rho-specific nucleotide exchange factor, LARG.
2002,
Pubmed Cau,
A novel p21-activated kinase binds the actin and microtubule networks and induces microtubule stabilization.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Chadborn,
Direct measurement of local raised subplasmalemmal calcium concentrations in growth cones advancing on an N-cadherin substrate.
2002,
Pubmed Costello,
The Rho-family GTP exchange factor Vav is a critical transducer of T cell receptor signals to the calcium, ERK, and NF-kappaB pathways.
1999,
Pubmed Daub,
Rac/Cdc42 and p65PAK regulate the microtubule-destabilizing protein stathmin through phosphorylation at serine 16.
2001,
Pubmed Dickson,
Molecular mechanisms of axon guidance.
2002,
Pubmed Dickson,
Rho GTPases in growth cone guidance.
2001,
Pubmed Djouder,
Inhibition of calcium release-activated calcium current by Rac/Cdc42-inactivating clostridial cytotoxins in RBL cells.
2000,
Pubmed Etienne-Manneville,
Rho GTPases in cell biology.
2002,
Pubmed Fleming,
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulates Tiam1 by reversible protein phosphorylation.
1999,
Pubmed Fleming,
Phospholipase C-gamma, protein kinase C and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II are involved in platelet-derived growth factor-induced phosphorylation of Tiam1.
1998,
Pubmed Fu,
Turning of nerve growth cones induced by the activation of protein kinase C.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gomez,
Filopodial calcium transients promote substrate-dependent growth cone turning.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Henley,
Guiding neuronal growth cones using Ca2+ signals.
2004,
Pubmed Hong,
Calcium signalling in the guidance of nerve growth by netrin-1.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kater,
Filopodia as detectors of environmental cues: signal integration through changes in growth cone calcium levels.
1994,
Pubmed Levchenko,
Models of eukaryotic gradient sensing: application to chemotaxis of amoebae and neutrophils.
2002,
Pubmed Li,
Rac1 and Cdc42 but not RhoA or Rho kinase activities are required for neurite outgrowth induced by the Netrin-1 receptor DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells.
2002,
Pubmed Lohof,
Asymmetric modulation of cytosolic cAMP activity induces growth cone turning.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mackay,
Rho GTPases.
1998,
Pubmed Ming,
Electrical activity modulates growth cone guidance by diffusible factors.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ng,
Rac GTPases control axon growth, guidance and branching.
2002,
Pubmed Perrot,
Plexin B regulates Rho through the guanine nucleotide exchange factors leukemia-associated Rho GEF (LARG) and PDZ-RhoGEF.
2002,
Pubmed Powell,
Protein kinase C mediates neurite guidance at an astrocyte boundary.
2001,
Pubmed Price,
Calcium signaling regulates translocation and activation of Rac.
2003,
Pubmed Ren,
Regulation of the small GTP-binding protein Rho by cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton.
1999,
Pubmed Servant,
Polarization of chemoattractant receptor signaling during neutrophil chemotaxis.
2000,
Pubmed Shen,
Growth-associated protein-43 is required for commissural axon guidance in the developing vertebrate nervous system.
2002,
Pubmed Singleton,
CD44v10 interaction with Rho-kinase (ROK) activates inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor-mediated Ca2+ signaling during hyaluronan (HA)-induced endothelial cell migration.
2002,
Pubmed Song,
Signal transduction underlying growth cone guidance by diffusible factors.
1999,
Pubmed Song,
The cell biology of neuronal navigation.
2001,
Pubmed Steven,
UNC-73 activates the Rac GTPase and is required for cell and growth cone migrations in C. elegans.
1998,
Pubmed Swiercz,
Plexin-B1 directly interacts with PDZ-RhoGEF/LARG to regulate RhoA and growth cone morphology.
2002,
Pubmed Wahl,
Ephrin-A5 induces collapse of growth cones by activating Rho and Rho kinase.
2000,
Pubmed Wang,
P75 interacts with the Nogo receptor as a co-receptor for Nogo, MAG and OMgp.
2002,
Pubmed Wang,
Localized synaptic actions of neurotrophin-4.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wen,
A CaMKII/calcineurin switch controls the direction of Ca(2+)-dependent growth cone guidance.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Whitford,
Plexin signaling via off-track and rho family GTPases.
2001,
Pubmed Wilk-Blaszczak,
The monomeric G-proteins Rac1 and/or Cdc42 are required for the inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium current by bradykinin.
1997,
Pubmed Wong,
Signal transduction in neuronal migration: roles of GTPase activating proteins and the small GTPase Cdc42 in the Slit-Robo pathway.
2001,
Pubmed Wong,
A p75(NTR) and Nogo receptor complex mediates repulsive signaling by myelin-associated glycoprotein.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Yuan,
Signalling and crosstalk of Rho GTPases in mediating axon guidance.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Zhang,
GAP-43 mediates retinal axon interaction with lateral diencephalon cells during optic tract formation.
2000,
Pubmed Zheng,
Turning of nerve growth cones induced by neurotransmitters.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Zheng,
Turning of nerve growth cones induced by localized increases in intracellular calcium ions.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Zheng,
Essential role of filopodia in chemotropic turning of nerve growth cone induced by a glutamate gradient.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Zucchi,
The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channel/ryanodine receptor: modulation by endogenous effectors, drugs and disease states.
1997,
Pubmed
