Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The p34cdc2 protein kinase is a conserved regulator of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Here we show that residues Thr14 and Tyr15 of mouse p34cdc2 become phosphorylated as mouse fibroblasts proceed through the cell cycle. We have mutated these residues and measured protein kinase activity of the p34cdc2 variants in a Xenopus egg extract. Phosphorylation of residues 14 and 15, which lie within the presumptive ATP-binding region of p34cdc2, normally restrains the protein kinase until it is specifically dephosphorylated and activated at the G2/M transition. Regulation by dephosphorylation of Tyr15 is conserved from fission yeast to mammals, while an extra level of regulation of mammalian p34cdc2 involves Thr14 dephosphorylation. In the absence of phosphorylation on these two residues, the kinase still requires cyclin B protein for its activation. Inhibition of DNA synthesis inhibits activation of wild-type p34cdc2 in the Xenopus system, but a mutant which cannot be phosphorylated at residues 14 and 15 escapes this inhibition, suggesting that these phosphorylation events form part of the pathway linking completion of DNA replication to initiation of mitosis.
Blow,
A cdc2-like protein is involved in the initiation of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts.
1990, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Blow,
A cdc2-like protein is involved in the initiation of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Blow,
Initiation of DNA replication in nuclei and purified DNA by a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Blow,
Replication of purified DNA in Xenopus egg extract is dependent on nuclear assembly.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Booher,
The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation of catalytic activity and nuclear localization.
1989,
Pubmed Cooper,
Detection and quantification of phosphotyrosine in proteins.
1983,
Pubmed Dasso,
Completion of DNA replication is monitored by a feedback system that controls the initiation of mitosis in vitro: studies in Xenopus.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Draetta,
Human cdc2 protein kinase is a major cell-cycle regulated tyrosine kinase substrate.
,
Pubmed Draetta,
Activation of cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis in human cells: cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation and subunit rearrangement.
1988,
Pubmed Dunphy,
Fission yeast p13 blocks mitotic activation and tyrosine dephosphorylation of the Xenopus cdc2 protein kinase.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Enoch,
Mutation of fission yeast cell cycle control genes abolishes dependence of mitosis on DNA replication.
1990,
Pubmed Evans,
Cyclin: a protein specified by maternal mRNA in sea urchin eggs that is destroyed at each cleavage division.
1983,
Pubmed Felix,
A post-ribosomal supernatant from activated Xenopus eggs that displays post-translationally regulated oscillation of its cdc2+ mitotic kinase activity.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gautier,
Cyclin is a component of maturation-promoting factor from Xenopus.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gautier,
Purified maturation-promoting factor contains the product of a Xenopus homolog of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2+.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gautier,
Dephosphorylation and activation of Xenopus p34cdc2 protein kinase during the cell cycle.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gould,
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the fission yeast cdc2+ protein kinase regulates entry into mitosis.
1989,
Pubmed Gould,
Complementation of the mitotic activator, p80cdc25, by a human protein-tyrosine phosphatase.
1990,
Pubmed Hagan,
Cloning and sequencing of the cyclin-related cdc13+ gene and a cytological study of its role in fission yeast mitosis.
1988,
Pubmed Hunter,
Transforming gene product of Rous sarcoma virus phosphorylates tyrosine.
1980,
Pubmed Hutchison,
DNA replication and cell cycle control in Xenopus egg extracts.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase John,
A homolog of the cell cycle control protein p34cdc2 participates in the division cycle of Chlamydomonas, and a similar protein is detectable in higher plants and remote taxa.
1989,
Pubmed Krek,
Differential phosphorylation of vertebrate p34cdc2 kinase at the G1/S and G2/M transitions of the cell cycle: identification of major phosphorylation sites.
1991,
Pubmed Krieg,
Functional messenger RNAs are produced by SP6 in vitro transcription of cloned cDNAs.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kumagai,
The cdc25 protein controls tyrosine dephosphorylation of the cdc2 protein in a cell-free system.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Labbe,
Purification of MPF from starfish: identification as the H1 histone kinase p34cdc2 and a possible mechanism for its periodic activation.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Labbé,
MPF from starfish oocytes at first meiotic metaphase is a heterodimer containing one molecule of cdc2 and one molecule of cyclin B.
1989,
Pubmed Laemmli,
Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
1970,
Pubmed Langan,
Mammalian growth-associated H1 histone kinase: a homolog of cdc2+/CDC28 protein kinases controlling mitotic entry in yeast and frog cells.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lee,
Regulated expression and phosphorylation of a possible mammalian cell-cycle control protein.
1988,
Pubmed Lohka,
Formation in vitro of sperm pronuclei and mitotic chromosomes induced by amphibian ooplasmic components.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lohka,
Purification of maturation-promoting factor, an intracellular regulator of early mitotic events.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Minshull,
Translation of cyclin mRNA is necessary for extracts of activated xenopus eggs to enter mitosis.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Moreno,
Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis.
1989,
Pubmed Moreno,
Clues to action of cdc25 protein.
1991,
Pubmed Morla,
Reversible tyrosine phosphorylation of cdc2: dephosphorylation accompanies activation during entry into mitosis.
1989,
Pubmed Murray,
Cyclin synthesis drives the early embryonic cell cycle.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Norbury,
Control of the higher eukaryote cell cycle by p34cdc2 homologues.
1989,
Pubmed Norbury,
Controls of cell proliferation in yeast and animals.
1990,
Pubmed NULL,
Cyclin in fission yeast.
1988,
Pubmed Nurse,
Universal control mechanism regulating onset of M-phase.
1990,
Pubmed Picard,
Involvement of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A in the control of M phase-promoting factor activity in starfish.
1989,
Pubmed Pines,
p34cdc2: the S and M kinase?
1990,
Pubmed Potashkin,
Multiple phosphorylated forms of the product of the fission yeast cell division cycle gene cdc2+.
1988,
Pubmed Reed,
Protein kinase activity associated with the product of the yeast cell division cycle gene CDC28.
1985,
Pubmed Russell,
cdc25+ functions as an inducer in the mitotic control of fission yeast.
1986,
Pubmed Simanis,
The cell cycle control gene cdc2+ of fission yeast encodes a protein kinase potentially regulated by phosphorylation.
1986,
Pubmed Solomon,
Cyclin activation of p34cdc2.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Strausfeld,
Dephosphorylation and activation of a p34cdc2/cyclin B complex in vitro by human CDC25 protein.
1991,
Pubmed
