Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
In clams, fertilization is followed by the prominent synthesis of two cyclins, A and B. During the mitotic cell cycles, the two cyclins are accumulated and then destroyed near the end of each metaphase. Newly synthesized cyclin B is complexed with a small set of other proteins, including a kinase that phosphorylates cyclin B in vitro. While both cyclins can act as general inducers of entry into M phase, the two are clearly distinguished by their amino acid sequences (70% nonidentity) and by their different modes of expression in oocytes and during meiosis. In contrast to cyclin A, which is stored solely as maternal mRNA, oocytes contain a stockpile of cyclin B protein, which is stored in large, rapidly sedimenting aggregates. Fertilization results in the release of cyclin B to a more disperse, soluble form. Since the first meiotic division in clams can proceed even when new protein synthesis is blocked, these results strongly suggest it is the fertilization-triggered unmasking of cyclin B protein that drives cells into meiosis I. We propose that the unmasking of maternal cyclin B protein allows it to interact with cdc2 protein kinase, which is also stored in oocytes, and that the formation of this cyclin B/cdc2 complex generates active M phase-promoting factor.
Adlakha,
Evidence for the presence of inhibitors of mitotic factors during G1 period in mammalian cells.
1983, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Adlakha,
Evidence for the presence of inhibitors of mitotic factors during G1 period in mammalian cells.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Alexandraki,
Sequence heterogeneity, multiplicity, and genomic organization of alpha- and beta-tubulin genes in sea urchins.
1981,
Pubmed Anderson,
Processing of adenovirus 2-induced proteins.
1973,
Pubmed Arion,
cdc2 is a component of the M phase-specific histone H1 kinase: evidence for identity with MPF.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Booher,
Interaction between cdc13+ and cdc2+ in the control of mitosis in fission yeast; dissociation of the G1 and G2 roles of the cdc2+ protein kinase.
1987,
Pubmed Booher,
Involvement of cdc13+ in mitotic control in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: possible interaction of the gene product with microtubules.
1988,
Pubmed Bradbury,
Molecular basis of control of mitotic cell division in eukaryotes.
1974,
Pubmed Brizuela,
p13suc1 acts in the fission yeast cell division cycle as a component of the p34cdc2 protein kinase.
1987,
Pubmed Bruck,
Nucleic acid sequence of an internal image-bearing monoclonal anti-idiotype and its comparison to the sequence of the external antigen.
1986,
Pubmed Clarke,
The induction of reversible and irreversible chromosome decondensation by protein synthesis inhibition during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes.
1983,
Pubmed Cooper,
Dephosphorylation or antibody binding to the carboxy terminus stimulates pp60c-src.
1986,
Pubmed Cyert,
Regulation of MPF activity in vitro.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Draetta,
Activation of cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis in human cells: cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation and subunit rearrangement.
1988,
Pubmed Dunphy,
The Xenopus cdc2 protein is a component of MPF, a cytoplasmic regulator of mitosis.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Edelman,
Protein serine/threonine kinases.
1987,
Pubmed Evans,
Cyclin: a protein specified by maternal mRNA in sea urchin eggs that is destroyed at each cleavage division.
1983,
Pubmed Fukui,
Agar-overlay immunofluorescence: high-resolution studies of cytoskeletal components and their changes during chemotaxis.
1987,
Pubmed Gautier,
Purified maturation-promoting factor contains the product of a Xenopus homolog of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2+.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gerhart,
Cell cycle dynamics of an M-phase-specific cytoplasmic factor in Xenopus laevis oocytes and eggs.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gubler,
A simple and very efficient method for generating cDNA libraries.
1983,
Pubmed Hanks,
The protein kinase family: conserved features and deduced phylogeny of the catalytic domains.
1988,
Pubmed Hashimoto,
Regulation of meiotic metaphase by a cytoplasmic maturation-promoting factor during mouse oocyte maturation.
1988,
Pubmed Helms,
A new method for purifying lambda DNA from phage lysates.
1985,
Pubmed Henikoff,
Unidirectional digestion with exonuclease III creates targeted breakpoints for DNA sequencing.
1984,
Pubmed Hepler,
Calcium restriction prolongs metaphase in dividing Tradescantia stamen hair cells.
1985,
Pubmed Higgins,
Rapid visualization of protein bands in preparative SDS-polyacrylamide gels.
1979,
Pubmed Hindley,
Sucl+ encodes a predicted 13-kilodalton protein that is essential for cell viability and is directly involved in the division cycle of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
1987,
Pubmed Hong,
A systemic DNA sequencing strategy.
1982,
Pubmed Inglis,
Advance of mitosis by histone phosphokinase.
1976,
Pubmed Izant,
The role of calcium ions during mitosis. Calcium participates in the anaphase trigger.
1983,
Pubmed Kafatos,
Determination of nucleic acid sequence homologies and relative concentrations by a dot hybridization procedure.
1979,
Pubmed Kozak,
Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes.
1986,
Pubmed Laemmli,
Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
1970,
Pubmed Lake,
Occurrence and properties of a chromatin-associated F1-histone phosphokinase in mitotic Chinese hamster cells.
1972,
Pubmed Langan,
Characterization of highly phosphorylated subcomponents of rat thymus H1 histone.
1982,
Pubmed Lazarides,
Antibody production and immunofluorescent characterization of actin and contractile proteins.
1982,
Pubmed Lee,
Complementation used to clone a human homologue of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2.
,
Pubmed Lohka,
Roles of cytosol and cytoplasmic particles in nuclear envelope assembly and sperm pronuclear formation in cell-free preparations from amphibian eggs.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lohka,
Purification of maturation-promoting factor, an intracellular regulator of early mitotic events.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lohka,
Induction of nuclear envelope breakdown, chromosome condensation, and spindle formation in cell-free extracts.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Loidl,
Acceleration of mitosis induced by mitotic stimulators of Physarum polycephalum.
1982,
Pubmed Maller,
Progesterone-stimulated meiotic cell division in Xenopus oocytes. Induction by regulatory subunit and inhibition by catalytic subunit of adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase.
1977,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Masui,
Cytoplasmic control of nuclear behavior during meiotic maturation of frog oocytes.
1971,
Pubmed Masui,
Oocyte maturation.
1979,
Pubmed Meijer,
Cyclic activation of histone H1 kinase during sea urchin egg mitotic divisions.
1988,
Pubmed Meijer,
Differential regulation of histone H1 and ribosomal S6 kinases during sea star oocyte maturation.
1987,
Pubmed Mendenhall,
Dual regulation of the yeast CDC28-p40 protein kinase complex: cell cycle, pheromone, and nutrient limitation effects.
1987,
Pubmed Miake-Lye,
Induction of early mitotic events in a cell-free system.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Miller,
Repetitive zinc-binding domains in the protein transcription factor IIIA from Xenopus oocytes.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mitchelson,
Activation of histone kinase in G2 phase of the cell cycle in Physarum polycephalum.
1978,
Pubmed Newport,
A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: I. characterization and timing of cellular changes at the midblastula stage.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Newport,
Disassembly of the nucleus in mitotic extracts: membrane vesicularization, lamin disassembly, and chromosome condensation are independent processes.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase NULL,
Cyclin in fission yeast.
1988,
Pubmed Pelech,
Characterization of maturation-activated histone H1 and ribosomal S6 kinases in sea star oocytes.
1987,
Pubmed Pelham,
An efficient mRNA-dependent translation system from reticulocyte lysates.
1976,
Pubmed Picard,
Role of protein synthesis and proteases in production and inactivation of maturation-promoting activity during meiotic maturation of starfish oocytes.
1985,
Pubmed Pines,
Molecular cloning and characterization of the mRNA for cyclin from sea urchin eggs.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Poenie,
Changes of free calcium levels with stages of the cell division cycle.
,
Pubmed Poenie,
Calcium rises abruptly and briefly throughout the cell at the onset of anaphase.
1986,
Pubmed Proudfoot,
3' non-coding region sequences in eukaryotic messenger RNA.
1976,
Pubmed Reed,
Protein kinase activity associated with the product of the yeast cell division cycle gene CDC28.
1985,
Pubmed Rosenthal,
Selective translation of mRNA controls the pattern of protein synthesis during early development of the surf clam, Spisula solidissima.
1980,
Pubmed Rosenthal,
Sequence-specific adenylations and deadenylations accompany changes in the translation of maternal messenger RNA after fertilization of Spisula oocytes.
1983,
Pubmed Rosenthal,
Translationally mediated changes in patterns of protein synthesis during maturation of starfish oocytes.
1982,
Pubmed Rosenthal,
Widespread changes in the translation and adenylation of maternal messenger RNAs following fertilization of Spisula oocytes.
1987,
Pubmed Schollmeyer,
Calpain II involvement in mitosis.
1988,
Pubmed Shoji-Kasai,
Thiol protease-specific inhibitor E-64 arrests human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells at mitotic metaphase.
1988,
Pubmed Smith,
The interaction of steroids with Rana pipiens Oocytes in the induction of maturation.
1971,
Pubmed Standart,
The small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase is encoded by one of the most abundant translationally regulated maternal RNAs in clam and sea urchin eggs.
1985,
Pubmed Standart,
Cyclin synthesis, modification and destruction during meiotic maturation of the starfish oocyte.
1987,
Pubmed Sunkara,
Mitotic factors from mammalian cells induce germinal vesicle breakdown and chromosome condensation in amphibian oocytes.
1979,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Swenson,
The clam embryo protein cyclin A induces entry into M phase and the resumption of meiosis in Xenopus oocytes.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tachibana,
Preliminary characterization of maturation-promoting factor from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tufty,
Troponin and parvalbumin calcium binding regions predicted in myosin light chain and T4 lysozyme.
1975,
Pubmed Twigg,
Translational control of InsP3-induced chromatin condensation during the early cell cycles of sea urchin embryos.
1988,
Pubmed Vyas,
A novel calcium binding site in the galactose-binding protein of bacterial transport and chemotaxis.
,
Pubmed Weintraub,
[Demonstration of maturation promoting factor activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae].
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Zeilig,
Studies on the mechanism of activation of mitotic histone H1 kinase.
1980,
Pubmed Ziegler,
Control of chromosome behavior in amphibian oocytes. II. The effect of inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis on the induction of chromosome condensation in transplanted brain nuclei by oocyte cytoplasm.
1976,
Pubmed
