Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract??? Vg1 is a maternal mRNA localized in the vegetal cortex of Xenopus laevis oocytes, that encodes a protein homologous to the mammalian growth factor TGF-beta. Using a polyclonal antibody to a T7-Vg1 fusion protein, we have identified the native protein. We find that a single protein of Mr 40 kd is immunoprecipitated following in vitro translation of oocyte poly(A)+ RNA, whilst two proteins of Mr 45 and 43.5 kd are immunoprecipitated from oocyte and embryo extracts. Synthesis of at least the 40 kd, in vitro, and 45 kd, in vivo, proteins is specifically inhibited following treatment of the respective systems with antisense Vg1 (but not histone H4) oligodeoxynucleotides. Tunicamycin treatment reveals the in vivo proteins to be glycosylated versions of a 40 kd protein, modified by the addition of either two or three N-linked oligosaccharide side chains. Both proteins are sensitive to digestion by the enzyme endoglycosidase-H, and are segregated within a membrane fraction from which they can be released by high pH treatment. Their synthesis is first detectable in stage IV oocytes and continues throughout early embryogenesis until the late gastrula. During embryogenesis the relative proportions of the two proteins change, the 45 kd protein being predominant in early embryogenesis and the 43.5 kd protein in late embryogenesis. Synthesis only occurs in the vegetal hemisphere at all stages; however, in the large oocyte diffusion of both proteins into the animal hemisphere occurs.
Bonner,
A film detection method for tritium-labelled proteins and nucleic acids in polyacrylamide gels.
1974, Pubmed
Bonner,
A film detection method for tritium-labelled proteins and nucleic acids in polyacrylamide gels.
1974,
Pubmed Born,
Isolation of a vegetalizing inducing factor.
1972,
Pubmed Cate,
Isolation of the bovine and human genes for Müllerian inhibiting substance and expression of the human gene in animal cells.
1986,
Pubmed Ceriotti,
Binding to membrane proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum cannot explain the retention of the glucose-regulated protein GRP78 in Xenopus oocytes.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Chirico,
70K heat shock related proteins stimulate protein translocation into microsomes.
1988,
Pubmed Colman,
Export of proteins from oocytes of Xenopus laevis.
1979,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Colman,
Meiotic maturation in Xenopus oocytes: a link between the cessation of protein secretion and the polarized disappearance of Golgi apparati.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Colman,
The influence of topology and glycosylation on the fate of heterologous secretory proteins made in Xenopus oocytes.
1981,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dale,
Mesoderm induction in Xenopus laevis: a quantitative study using a cell lineage label and tissue-specific antibodies.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dale,
Regional specification within the mesoderm of early embryos of Xenopus laevis.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dale,
Fate map for the 32-cell stage of Xenopus laevis.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Derynck,
Human transforming growth factor-beta complementary DNA sequence and expression in normal and transformed cells.
,
Pubmed Drummond,
Stability and movement of mRNAs and their encoded proteins in Xenopus oocytes.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dumont,
Oogenesis in Xenopus laevis (Daudin). I. Stages of oocyte development in laboratory maintained animals.
1972,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Fujiki,
Isolation of intracellular membranes by means of sodium carbonate treatment: application to endoplasmic reticulum.
1982,
Pubmed Gimlich,
Early cellular interactions promote embryonic axis formation in Xenopus laevis.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gimlich,
Cell lineage and the induction of second nervous systems in amphibian development.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gurdon,
Activation of muscle-specific actin genes in Xenopus development by an induction between animal and vegetal cells of a blastula.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gurdon,
Embryonic induction--molecular prospects.
1987,
Pubmed Heasman,
Fates and states of determination of single vegetal pole blastomeres of X. laevis.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kimelman,
Synergistic induction of mesoderm by FGF and TGF-beta and the identification of an mRNA coding for FGF in the early Xenopus embryo.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kornfeld,
Assembly of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides.
1985,
Pubmed Kressmann,
Transcription of cloned tRNA gene fragments and subfragments injected into the oocyte nucleus of Xenopus laevis.
1978,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Krieg,
Efficient expression of cloned complementary DNAs for secretory proteins after injection into Xenopus oocytes.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Laemmli,
Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
1970,
Pubmed Melton,
Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter.
1984,
Pubmed Melton,
Translocation of a localized maternal mRNA to the vegetal pole of Xenopus oocytes.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Minshull,
The use of single-stranded DNA and RNase H to promote quantitative 'hybrid arrest of translation' of mRNA/DNA hybrids in reticulocyte lysate cell-free translations.
1986,
Pubmed Minuth,
The formation of mesodermal derivatives after induction with vegetalizing factor depends on secondary cell interactions.
1980,
Pubmed Nieuwkoop,
The organization center of the amphibian embryo: its origin, spatial organization, and morphogenetic action.
1973,
Pubmed Rebagliati,
Identification and cloning of localized maternal RNAs from Xenopus eggs.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Rosa,
Mesoderm induction in amphibians: the role of TGF-beta 2-like factors.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Rosenberg,
Vectors for selective expression of cloned DNAs by T7 RNA polymerase.
1987,
Pubmed Shuttleworth,
Antisense oligonucleotide-directed cleavage of mRNA in Xenopus oocytes and eggs.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Shuttleworth,
Antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide-directed cleavage of maternal mRNA in Xenopus oocytes and embryos.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Slack,
Mesoderm induction in early Xenopus embryos by heparin-binding growth factors.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Smith,
Purification, partial characterization and biological effects of the XTC mesoderm-inducing factor.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Smith,
Dorsalization and neural induction: properties of the organizer in Xenopus laevis.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sporn,
Some recent advances in the chemistry and biology of transforming growth factor-beta.
1987,
Pubmed Stanley,
Construction of a new family of high efficiency bacterial expression vectors: identification of cDNA clones coding for human liver proteins.
1984,
Pubmed Studier,
Use of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase to direct selective high-level expression of cloned genes.
1986,
Pubmed Tabe,
Segregation of mutant ovalbumins and ovalbumin-globin fusion proteins in Xenopus oocytes. Identification of an ovalbumin signal sequence.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase von Heijne,
Patterns of amino acids near signal-sequence cleavage sites.
1983,
Pubmed von Heijne,
How signal sequences maintain cleavage specificity.
1984,
Pubmed Weeks,
A maternal mRNA localized to the vegetal hemisphere in Xenopus eggs codes for a growth factor related to TGF-beta.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wylie,
Vegetal pole cells and commitment to form endoderm in Xenopus laevis.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
