XB-ART-27264
Mol Cell Biol
1988 Oct 01;810:4257-69. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.10.4257-4269.1988.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Characterization of the repressed 5S DNA minichromosomes assembled in vitro with a high-speed supernatant of Xenopus laevis oocytes.
Shimamura A, Tremethick D, Worcel A.
???displayArticle.abstract???
We describe an in vitro system, based on the Xenopus laevis oocyte supernatant of Glikin et al. (G. Glikin, I. Ruberti, and A. Worcel, Cell 37:33-41, 1984), that packages DNA into minichromosomes with regularly spaced nucleosomes containing histones H3, H4, H2A, and H2B but no histone H1. The same supernatant also assembles the 5S RNA transcription complex; however, under the conditions that favor chromatin assembly, transcription is inhibited and a phased nucleosome forms over the 5S RNA gene. The minichromosomes that are fully loaded with nucleosomes remain refractory to transcriptional activation by 5S RNA transcription factors. Our data suggest that this repression is caused by a nucleosome covering the 5S RNA gene and that histone H1 is not required for regular nucleosome spacing or for gene repression in this system.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 3185548
???displayArticle.pmcLink??? PMC365498
???displayArticle.link??? Mol Cell Biol
Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: h2ac21 h2bc21 tbx2
References [+] :
Adamson,
Histone synthesis in early amphibian development: histone and DNA syntheses are not co-ordinated.
1974, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Adamson, Histone synthesis in early amphibian development: histone and DNA syntheses are not co-ordinated. 1974, Pubmed , Xenbase
Alfageme, Histones of Drosophila embryos. Electrophoretic isolation and structural studies. 1974, Pubmed
Almer, Removal of positioned nucleosomes from the yeast PHO5 promoter upon PHO5 induction releases additional upstream activating DNA elements. 1986, Pubmed
Bieker, Formation of a rate-limiting intermediate in 5S RNA gene transcription. 1985, Pubmed , Xenbase
Bogenhagen, Nucleotide sequences in Xenopus 5S DNA required for transcription termination. 1981, Pubmed , Xenbase
Boulikas, At least 60 ADP-ribosylated variant histones are present in nuclei from dimethylsulfate-treated and untreated cells. 1988, Pubmed
Carey, Analysis of RNA polymerase III transcription complexes by gel filtration. 1986, Pubmed , Xenbase
Certa, Yeast may not contain histone H1: the only known 'histone H1-like' protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a mitochondrial protein. 1984, Pubmed
Christiansen, Salt and divalent cations affect the flexible nature of the natural beaded chromatin structure. 1977, Pubmed
Dilworth, Two complexes that contain histones are required for nucleosome assembly in vitro: role of nucleoplasmin and N1 in Xenopus egg extracts. 1987, Pubmed , Xenbase
Dubochet, A new preparation method for dark-field electron microscopy of biomacromolecules. 1971, Pubmed
Earnshaw, Assembly of nucleosomes: the reaction involving X. laevis nucleoplasmin. 1980, Pubmed , Xenbase
Ebralidse, A highly basic histone H4 domain bound to the sharply bent region of nucleosomal DNA. 1988, Pubmed
Engelke, Specific interaction of a purified transcription factor with an internal control region of 5S RNA genes. 1980, Pubmed , Xenbase
Gargiulo, Properties of the chromatin assembled on DNA injected into Xenopus oocytes and eggs. 1983, Pubmed , Xenbase
Gargiulo, Chromatin-specific hypersensitive sites are assembled on a Xenopus histone gene injected into Xenopus oocytes. 1985, Pubmed , Xenbase
Gargiulo, Assembly of transcriptionally active chromatin in Xenopus oocytes requires specific DNA binding factors. 1984, Pubmed , Xenbase
Gargiulo, Analysis of the chromatin assembled in germinal vesicles of Xenopus oocytes. 1983, Pubmed , Xenbase
Germond, Folding of the DNA double helix in chromatin-like structures from simian virus 40. 1975, Pubmed
Glikin, Chromatin assembly in Xenopus oocytes: in vitro studies. 1984, Pubmed , Xenbase
Gralla, Rapid "footprinting" on supercoiled DNA. 1985, Pubmed
Han, Depletion of histone H4 and nucleosomes activates the PHO5 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1988, Pubmed
Hewish, Chromatin sub-structure. The digestion of chromatin DNA at regularly spaced sites by a nuclear deoxyribonuclease. 1973, Pubmed
Humphries, Chromatin structure of the 5S ribonucleic acid genes of Xenopus laevis. 1979, Pubmed , Xenbase
Keller, Determination of the number of superhelical turns in simian virus 40 DNA by gel electrophoresis. 1975, Pubmed
Kleinschmidt, Soluble acidic complexes containing histones H3 and H4 in nuclei of Xenopus laevis oocytes. 1982, Pubmed , Xenbase
Kleinschmidt, Identification of domains involved in nuclear uptake and histone binding of protein N1 of Xenopus laevis. 1988, Pubmed , Xenbase
Kmiec, The role of DNA-mediated transfer of TFIIIA in the concerted gyration and differential activation of the Xenopus 5S RNA genes. 1986, Pubmed , Xenbase
Kmiec, The positive transcription factor of the 5S RNA gene induces a 5S DNA-specific gyration in Xenopus oocyte extracts. 1985, Pubmed , Xenbase
Kmiec, The positive transcription factor of the 5S RNA gene proteolyses during direct exchange between 5S DNA sites. 1986, Pubmed , Xenbase
Kmiec, Gyration is required for 5S RNA transcription from a chromatin template. 1986, Pubmed , Xenbase
Knezetic, The presence of nucleosomes on a DNA template prevents initiation by RNA polymerase II in vitro. 1986, Pubmed , Xenbase
Laemmli, Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. 1970, Pubmed
Laskey, Nucleosomes are assembled by an acidic protein which binds histones and transfers them to DNA. 1978, Pubmed , Xenbase
Laskey, Nucleosome assembly. 1980, Pubmed , Xenbase
Laskey, Chromatin assembly and transcription in eggs and oocytes of Xenopus laevis. 1978, Pubmed , Xenbase
Laskey, Assembly of SV40 chromatin in a cell-free system from Xenopus eggs. 1977, Pubmed , Xenbase
Lassar, Stable transcription complex on a class III gene in a minichromosome. 1985, Pubmed , Xenbase
Lohr, Quantitative analysis of the digestion of yeast chromatin by staphylococcal nuclease. 1977, Pubmed
Lyon, Mechanisms and evolutionary origins of variable X-chromosome activity in mammals. 1974, Pubmed
McConkey, TFIIIA binds with equal affinity to somatic and major oocyte 5S RNA genes. 1988, Pubmed , Xenbase
Mertz, Linear DNA does not form chromatin containing regularly spaced nucleosomes. 1982, Pubmed , Xenbase
Nelson, Ribonucleic acid and other polyanions facilitate chromatin assembly in vitro. 1981, Pubmed
Noll, Internal structure of the chromatin subunit. 1974, Pubmed
Peck, Energetics of B-to-Z transition in DNA. 1983, Pubmed
Peck, Transcriptionally inactive oocyte-type 5S RNA genes of Xenopus laevis are complexed with TFIIIA in vitro. 1987, Pubmed , Xenbase
Razvi, A simple procedure for parallel sequence analysis of both strands of 5'-labeled DNA. 1983, Pubmed , Xenbase
Rhodes, Structural analysis of a triple complex between the histone octamer, a Xenopus gene for 5S RNA and transcription factor IIIA. 1985, Pubmed , Xenbase
Richard-Foy, Sequence-specific positioning of nucleosomes over the steroid-inducible MMTV promoter. 1987, Pubmed
Ruberti, Mechanism of chromatin assembly in Xenopus oocytes. 1986, Pubmed , Xenbase
Ryoji, Chromatin assembly in Xenopus oocytes: in vivo studies. 1984, Pubmed , Xenbase
Ryoji, Structure of the two distinct types of minichromosomes that are assembled on DNA injected in Xenopus oocytes. 1985, Pubmed , Xenbase
Schlissel, The transcriptional regulation of Xenopus 5s RNA genes in chromatin: the roles of active stable transcription complexes and histone H1. 1984, Pubmed , Xenbase
Senshu, Preferential association of newly synthesized H3 and H4 histones with newly replicated DNA. 1978, Pubmed
Shang, Purification of Xenopus transcription factor IIIA and 5 S RNA from 7 S ribonucleoprotein particle by ammonium sulfate precipitation. 1988, Pubmed , Xenbase
Simpson, Chromatin reconstituted from tandemly repeated cloned DNA fragments and core histones: a model system for study of higher order structure. 1985, Pubmed
Simpson, Structural features of a phased nucleosome core particle. 1983, Pubmed
Stein, Acidic polypeptides can assemble both histones and chromatin in vitro at physiological ionic strength. 1979, Pubmed
Stein, A model chromatin assembly system. Factors affecting nucleosome spacing. 1984, Pubmed
Steinmetz, Closely spaced nucleosome cores in reconstituted histone.DNA complexes and histone-H1-depleted chromatin. 1978, Pubmed
Thomas, Yeast chromatin structure. 1976, Pubmed
Tremethick, High mobility group proteins 1 and 2 stimulate transcription in vitro by RNA polymerases II and III. 1986, Pubmed
Weintraub, High-resolution mapping of S1- and DNase I-hypersensitive sites in chromatin. 1985, Pubmed
Weintraub, Assembly and propagation of repressed and depressed chromosomal states. 1985, Pubmed
Wolffe, Negative supercoiling is not required for 5S RNA transcription in vitro. 1987, Pubmed , Xenbase
Wolffe, A bacteriophage RNA polymerase transcribes through a Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription complex without disrupting it. 1986, Pubmed , Xenbase
Woodland, The modification of stored histones H3 and H4 during the oogenesis and early development of Xenopus laevis. 1979, Pubmed , Xenbase
Worcel, Assembly of newly replicated chromatin. 1978, Pubmed
Workman, Binding of transcription factor TFIID to the major late promoter during in vitro nucleosome assembly potentiates subsequent initiation by RNA polymerase II. 1987, Pubmed , Xenbase
Wray, Silver staining of proteins in polyacrylamide gels. 1981, Pubmed
Wyllie, Selective DNA conservation and chromatin assembly after injection of SV40 DNA into Xenopus oocytes. 1978, Pubmed , Xenbase
Yamamoto, Steroid receptor regulated transcription of specific genes and gene networks. 1985, Pubmed