Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Nuclear organelles, unlike many cytoplasmic organelles, lack investing membranes and are thus in direct contact with the surrounding nucleoplasm. Because the properties of the nucleoplasm and nuclear organelles influence the exchange of molecules from one compartment to another, it is important to understand their physical structure. We studied the density of the nucleoplasm and the density and permeability of nucleoli, Cajal bodies (CBs), and speckles in the Xenopus oocytenucleus or germinal vesicle (GV). Refractive indices were measured by interferometry within intact GVs isolated in oil. The refractive indices were used to estimate protein concentrations for nucleoplasm (0.106 g/cm3), CBs (0.136 g/cm3), speckles (0.162 g/cm3), and the dense fibrillar region of nucleoli (0.215 g/cm3). We determined similar protein concentrations for nuclear organelles isolated in aqueous media, where they are no longer surrounded by nucleoplasm. To examine the permeability of nuclear organelles, we injected fluorescent dextrans of various molecular masses (3-2000 kDa) into the cytoplasm or directly into the GV and measured the extent to which they penetrated the organelles. Together, the interferometry and dextran penetration data show that organelles in the Xenopus GV have a low-density, sponge-like structure that provides access to macromolecules from the nucleoplasm.
BATTIN,
The osmotic properties of nuclei isolated from amphibian oocytes.
1959, Pubmed
BATTIN,
The osmotic properties of nuclei isolated from amphibian oocytes.
1959,
Pubmed Boudonck,
The movement of coiled bodies visualized in living plant cells by the green fluorescent protein.
1999,
Pubmed Carmo-Fonseca,
Macromolecular mobility inside the cell nucleus.
2002,
Pubmed Clark,
An actin filament matrix in hand-isolated nuclei of X. laevis oocytes.
1979,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Deryusheva,
Dynamics of coilin in Cajal bodies of the Xenopus germinal vesicle.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dundr,
A kinetic framework for a mammalian RNA polymerase in vivo.
2002,
Pubmed Dundr,
In vivo kinetics of Cajal body components.
2004,
Pubmed EDSTROEM,
THE BASE COMPOSITION OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID IN LAMPBRUSH CHROMOSOMES, NUCLEOLI, NUCLEAR SAP, AND CYTOPLASM OF TRITURUS OOCYTES.
1963,
Pubmed Fox,
Paraspeckles: a novel nuclear domain.
2002,
Pubmed Gall,
The centennial of the Cajal body.
2003,
Pubmed Gall,
The genes for ribosomal RNA during oögenesis.
1969,
Pubmed Gall,
Cajal bodies: the first 100 years.
2000,
Pubmed Handwerger,
Steady-state dynamics of Cajal body components in the Xenopus germinal vesicle.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Huang,
Review: perinucleolar structures.
2000,
Pubmed Lamond,
Nuclear speckles: a model for nuclear organelles.
2003,
Pubmed Lund,
Nonaqueous isolation of transcriptionally active nuclei from Xenopus oocytes.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Maul,
Review: properties and assembly mechanisms of ND10, PML bodies, or PODs.
2000,
Pubmed Muratani,
Metabolic-energy-dependent movement of PML bodies within the mammalian cell nucleus.
2002,
Pubmed Paine,
The oocyte nucleus isolated in oil retains in vivo structure and functions.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Phair,
High mobility of proteins in the mammalian cell nucleus.
2000,
Pubmed Platani,
In vivo analysis of Cajal body movement, separation, and joining in live human cells.
2000,
Pubmed Platani,
Cajal body dynamics and association with chromatin are ATP-dependent.
2002,
Pubmed Ruggero,
The puzzling multiple lives of PML and its role in the genesis of cancer.
2000,
Pubmed Shav-Tal,
Dynamics of single mRNPs in nuclei of living cells.
2004,
Pubmed Sleeman,
Cajal body proteins SMN and Coilin show differential dynamic behaviour in vivo.
2003,
Pubmed Wallace,
Protein incorporation by isolated amphibian oocytes. 3. Optimum incubation conditions.
1973,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
