Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Cell Mol Neurobiol
1985 Jun 01;51-2:65-84. doi: 10.1007/bf00711086.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Formation of retinotopic connections: selective stabilization by an activity-dependent mechanism.
Schmidt JT.
???displayArticle.abstract???
During regeneration of the optic nerve in goldfish, the ingrowing retinal fibers successfully seek out their correct places in the overall retinotopic projection on the tectum. Chemospecific cell-surface interactions appear to be sufficient to organize only a crude retinotopic map on the tectum during regeneration. Precise retinotopic ordering appears to be achieved via an activity-dependent stabilization of appropriate synapses and is based upon the correlated activity of neighboring ganglion cells of the same receptive-field type in the retina. Four treatments have been found to block the sharpening process: (a) blocking the activity of the ganglion cells with intraocular tetrodotoxin (TTX), (b) rearing in total darkness, (c) correlating the activation of all ganglion cells via stroboscopic illumination and (d) blocking retinotectal synaptic transmission with alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX). These experiments support a role for correlated visually driven activity in sharpening the diffuse projection and suggest that this correlated activity interacts within the postsynaptic cells, probably through the summation of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). Other experiments support the concept that effective synapses are stabilized: a local postsynaptic block of transmission causes a local disruption in the retinotectal map. The changes that occur during this disruption suggest that each arbor can move to maximize its synaptic efficacy. In development, initial retinotectal projections are often diffuse and may undergo a similar activity-dependent sharpening. Indirect retinotectal maps, as well as auditory maps, appear to be brought into register with the direct retinotopic projections by promoting the convergence of contacts with correlated activity. A similar mechanism may drive both the formation of ocular dominance patches in fish tectum and kitten visual cortex and the segregation of different receptive-field types in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Activity-dependent synaptic stabilization may therefore be a general mechanism whereby the diffuse projections of early development are brought to the precise, mature level of organization.
Adamson,
Recovery of the ipsilateral oculotectal projection following nerve crush in the frog: evidence that retinal afferents make synapses at abnormal tectal locations.
1984, Pubmed
Adamson,
Recovery of the ipsilateral oculotectal projection following nerve crush in the frog: evidence that retinal afferents make synapses at abnormal tectal locations.
1984,
Pubmed Archer,
Abnormal development of kitten retino-geniculate connectivity in the absence of action potentials.
1982,
Pubmed Arnett,
Statistical dependence between neighboring retinal ganglion cells in goldfish.
1978,
Pubmed ATTARDI,
Preferential selection of central pathways by regenerating optic fibers.
1963,
Pubmed Bodick,
Growing optic nerve fibers follow neighbors during embryogenesis.
1980,
Pubmed Boss,
Activity and the formation of ocular dominance patches in dually innervated tectum of goldfish.
1984,
Pubmed Changeux,
Selective stabilisation of developing synapses as a mechanism for the specification of neuronal networks.
,
Pubmed Chung,
Observations on the formation of the brain and of nerve connections following embryonic manipulation of the amphibian neural tube.
1978,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Conway,
Polyclones and patterns in growing Xenopus eye.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Cook,
Use of a lectin-peroxidase conjugate (WGA-HRP) to assess the retinotopic precision of goldfish optic terminals.
1984,
Pubmed Cowan,
Regressive events in neurogenesis.
1984,
Pubmed Duxson,
The effect of postsynaptic block on development of the neuromuscular junction in postnatal rats.
1982,
Pubmed Edwards,
Intraocular tetrodotoxin in goldfish hinders optic nerve regeneration.
1983,
Pubmed Francis,
Activity of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in the goldfish optic tectum after disconnection.
1979,
Pubmed Freeman,
Possible regulatory function of acetylcholine receptor in maintenance of retinotectal synapses.
1977,
Pubmed Freeman,
Effect of alpha-bungarotoxin on retinotectal synaptic transmission in the goldfish and the toad.
1980,
Pubmed Fujisawa,
Branching of regenerating retinal axons and preferential selection of appropriate branches for specific neuronal connection in the newt.
1982,
Pubmed Ginsburg,
Common noise in the firing of neighbouring ganglion cells in goldfish retina.
1984,
Pubmed Horder,
Morphogenetics as an alternative to chemospecificity in the formation of nerve connections. A review of literature, before 1978, concerning the control of growth of regenerating optic nerve fibres to specific locations in the optic tectum and a new interpretation based on contact guidance.
1978,
Pubmed Horder,
Some determinants of optic terminal localization and retinotopic polarity within fibre populations in the tectum of goldfish.
1982,
Pubmed Humphrey,
An electrophysiological study of early retinotectal projection patterns during optic nerve regeneration in Hyla moorei.
1982,
Pubmed Innocenti,
Growth and reshaping of axons in the establishment of visual callosal connections.
1981,
Pubmed Keating,
The time course of experience-dependent synaptic switching of visual connections in Xenopus laevis.
1975,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Knudsen,
Early auditory experience aligns the auditory map of space in the optic tectum of the barn owl.
1983,
Pubmed LeVay,
Ocular dominance columns and their development in layer IV of the cat's visual cortex: a quantitative study.
1978,
Pubmed Magchielse,
Reduction of polyneuronal innervation of muscle cells in tissue culture after long-term indirect stimulation.
1982,
Pubmed McLoon,
Alterations in precision of the crossed retinotectal projection during chick development.
1982,
Pubmed Meyer,
Retinotectal projection in goldfish to an inappropriate region with a reversal in polarity.
1979,
Pubmed Meyer,
Tetrodotoxin inhibits the formation of refined retinotopography in goldfish.
1983,
Pubmed Meyer,
Tetrodotoxin blocks the formation of ocular dominance columns in goldfish.
1982,
Pubmed Meyer,
Mapping the normal and regenerating retinotectal projection of goldfish with autoradiographic methods.
1980,
Pubmed Murray,
Target regulation of synaptic number in the compressed retinotectal projection of goldfish.
1982,
Pubmed Murray,
A quantitative study of the reinnervation of the goldfish optic tectum following optic nerve crush.
1982,
Pubmed Obata,
Development of neuromuscular transmission in culture with a variety of neurons and in the presence of cholinergic substances and tetrodotoxin.
1977,
Pubmed O'Brien,
Observations on the elimination of polyneuronal innervation in developing mammalian skeletal muscle.
1978,
Pubmed Oswald,
Localization of alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites to the goldfish retinotectal projection.
1980,
Pubmed Oswald,
Degradation rate of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from goldfish brain.
1980,
Pubmed Purves,
Elimination of synapses in the developing nervous system.
1980,
Pubmed Purves,
The relation of postsynaptic geometry to the number of presynaptic axons that innervate autonomic ganglion cells.
1981,
Pubmed Schechter,
Recovery of tectal nicotinic-cholinergic receptor sites during optic nerve degeneration in goldfish.
1979,
Pubmed Schimidt,
Expansion of the half retinal projection to the tectum in goldfish: an electrophysiological and anatomical study.
1978,
Pubmed Schmidt,
Apparent movement of optic terminals out of a local postsynaptically blocked region in goldfish optic tectum.
1985,
Pubmed Schmidt,
Activity sharpens the map during the regeneration of the retinotectal projection in goldfish.
1983,
Pubmed Schmidt,
Eye-specific segregation of optic afferents in mammals, fish, and frogs: the role of activity.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Schmidt,
Staining of regenerated optic arbors in goldfish tectum: progressive changes in immature arbors and a comparison of mature regenerated arbors with normal arbors.
1988,
Pubmed Schmidt,
The re-establishment of synaptic transmission by regenerating optic axons in goldfish: time course and effects of blocking activity by intraocular injection of tetrodotoxin.
1983,
Pubmed Schmidt,
Stroboscopic illumination and dark rearing block the sharpening of the regenerated retinotectal map in goldfish.
1985,
Pubmed Schmidt,
Electrophysiologic evidence that retinotectal synaptic transmission in the goldfish is nicotinic cholinergic.
1980,
Pubmed Scholes,
Nerve fibre topography in the retinal projection to the tectum.
1979,
Pubmed Sharma,
Visual projection in surgically created 'compound' tectum in adult goldfish.
1975,
Pubmed Sohal,
Effects of chronic paralysis with alpha-bungarotoxin on development of innervation.
1979,
Pubmed SPERRY,
CHEMOAFFINITY IN THE ORDERLY GROWTH OF NERVE FIBER PATTERNS AND CONNECTIONS.
1963,
Pubmed Srihari,
The role of muscle activity in the differentiation of neuromuscular junctions in slow and fast chick muscles.
1978,
Pubmed Straznicky,
The acquisition of tectal positional specification in Xenopus.
1978,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Straznicky,
Stable programming for map orientation in fused eye fragments in Xenopus.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Stuermer,
A comparison of the normal and regenerated retinotectal pathways of goldfish.
1984,
Pubmed Thompson,
The effect of prolonged, reversible block of nerve impulses on the elimination of polyneuronal innervation of new-born rat skeletal muscle fibers.
1979,
Pubmed Thompson,
Activity and synapse elimination at the neuromuscular junction.
1985,
Pubmed Udin,
Abnormal visual input leads to development of abnormal axon trajectories in frogs.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Udin,
The role of visual experience in the formation of binocular projections in frogs.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Willshaw,
How patterned neural connections can be set up by self-organization.
1976,
Pubmed
