J Control Release 2007 Dec 04;1241-2:60-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.08.019.

Involvement of organic anion transport system in transdermal absorption of flurbiprofen.

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We previously demonstrated that transdermal permeation of flurbiprofen is mediated by a nonlinear transport mechanism(s). Here, we aimed to characterize this transport mechanism by employing an Ussing-type chamber method with tape-stripped hairless mouse skin. Transdermal permeation of [(3)H]flurbipofen was vectorial, saturable and energy-dependent, suggesting the involvement of a carrier-mediated transport system. Transdermal permeation and uptake from the epidermal side of [(3)H]flurbiprofen were inhibited by various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The inhibitory potency did not correlate well with lipophilicity; anionic NSAIDs tended to be more potent inhibitors than non-anionic NSAIDs. The inhibition profile of both [(3)H]flurbiprofen permeation and uptake, and the Michaelis constants, were similar for a given anionic compound. These results suggest that an organic anion transport system is involved in flurbiprofen uptake from the epidermal side during the process of transdermal absorption. Efflux of [(3)H]flurbiprofen from the skin to the epidermal side, but not to the hypodermal side, increased in the presence of flurbiprofen or several anionic compounds. Such trans-stimulation may suggest the involvement of an organic anion exchanger system. Organic anion transporter 2 (OAT2) is a candidate for the exchanger involved in uptake and/or efflux of flurbiprofen in the skin.

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Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: slc22a7