Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Dev Genes Evol
2008 Jul 01;2187:389-97. doi: 10.1007/s00427-008-0225-0.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
The genome of the diploid anuran Xenopus tropicalis contains a novel array of sarcoplasmic myosin heavy chain genes expressed in larval muscle and larynx.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The sarcomeric myosin heavy chain (MyHC) proteins are a family of molecular motors responsible for the transduction of chemical energy into mechanical work in striated muscle. The vertebrate genome contains multiple copies of the MyHC gene, and expression of different isoforms correlates with differences in the physiological properties of muscle fibers. Most MyHC isoforms are found in two arrays, one containing the "fast-twitch" skeletal muscle isoforms and the other the "slow-twitch" or cardiac isoforms. To extend our understanding of MyHC evolution, we have examined the genome of the anuran Xenopus tropicalis. The X. tropicalis genome includes 15 full-length MyHC genes organized in seven genomic locations. One unique array of MyHC genes is similar to the mammalian fast-skeletal array, but is not found in amniotes. The isoforms in this array are expressed during larval stages and in muscles of the adult larynx. Duplication of the fast-skeletal MyHC array appears to have led to expression divergence of muscle proteins in the larval and adult stages of the anuran life cycle. A striking similarity of gene order between regions flanking X. tropicalis MyHC arrays and human arrays was evident; genomic organization of MyHC isoforms may thus be highly conserved across tetrapods.
Andruchova,
Myosin heavy chain isoform composition and stretch activation kinetics in single fibres of Xenopus laevis iliofibularis muscle.
2006, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Andruchova,
Myosin heavy chain isoform composition and stretch activation kinetics in single fibres of Xenopus laevis iliofibularis muscle.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Birney,
Using GeneWise in the Drosophila annotation experiment.
2000,
Pubmed Catz,
Sexually dimorphic expression of a laryngeal-specific, androgen-regulated myosin heavy chain gene during Xenopus laevis development.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Desjardins,
Evolutionary implications of three novel members of the human sarcomeric myosin heavy chain gene family.
2002,
Pubmed Epp,
Concerted evolution of mammalian cardiac myosin heavy chain genes.
1995,
Pubmed Evans,
A mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of African clawed frogs: phylogeography and implications for polyploid evolution.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Evans,
Evolution of RAG-1 in polyploid clawed frogs.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gilchrist,
Defining a large set of full-length clones from a Xenopus tropicalis EST project.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Korf,
Integrating genomic homology into gene structure prediction.
2001,
Pubmed Lutz,
Four novel myosin heavy chain transcripts define a molecular basis for muscle fibre types in Rana pipiens.
1998,
Pubmed Lutz,
Influence of myosin isoforms on contractile properties of intact muscle fibers from Rana pipiens.
2002,
Pubmed Lutz,
Myosin isoforms in anuran skeletal muscle: their influence on contractile properties and in vivo muscle function.
2000,
Pubmed McGuigan,
Evolution of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain genes: evidence from fish.
2004,
Pubmed Moore,
The evolutionary relationship of avian and mammalian myosin heavy-chain genes.
1993,
Pubmed Pette,
Myosin isoforms, muscle fiber types, and transitions.
2000,
Pubmed Radice,
Expression of myosin heavy chain transcripts during Xenopus laevis development.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sassoon,
Androgen regulation of muscle fiber type in the sexually dimorphic larynx of Xenopus laevis.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Schachat,
Phylogenetic implications of the superfast myosin in extraocular muscles.
2002,
Pubmed Watabe,
Temperature plasticity of contractile proteins in fish muscle.
2002,
Pubmed Weiss,
Organization of human and mouse skeletal myosin heavy chain gene clusters is highly conserved.
1999,
Pubmed
