Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The Xenopus tadpole has the capacity fully to regenerate its tail after amputation. Previously, we have established that this regeneration process requires the operation of several signaling pathways including the bone morphogenic protein, Wnt, and Fgf pathways. Here, we have addressed the signaling requirements for spinal cord and muscle regeneration in a tissue-specific manner. Two methods were used namely grafts of transgenic spinal cord to a wild type host, and the use of the Tet-on conditional transgenic system to express inhibitors in the individual tissues. For the grafting experiments, the tail was amputated through the graft, which contained a temperature inducible inhibitor of the Wnt-β-catenin pathway. For the Tet-on experiments, treatment with doxycycline was used to induce cell autonomous inhibitors of the Wnt-β-catenin or the Fgf pathway in either spinal cord or muscle. The results show that both spinal cord and muscle regeneration depend on both the Wnt-β-catenin and the Fgf pathways. This experimental design also enables us to observe the effect of inhibition of regeneration of one tissue on the regeneration of the others. Regardless of the method of inhibition, we find that reduction of spinal cord regeneration reduces regeneration of other parts of the tail, including the myotomal muscles. In contrast, reduction of muscle regeneration has no effect on the regeneration of the spinal cord. In common with other regeneration systems, this indicates that soluble factors from the spinal cord are needed to promote the regeneration of the other tissues in the tail.
Adams,
H+ pump-dependent changes in membrane voltage are an early mechanism necessary and sufficient to induce Xenopus tail regeneration.
2007, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Adams,
H+ pump-dependent changes in membrane voltage are an early mechanism necessary and sufficient to induce Xenopus tail regeneration.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Amaya,
Expression of a dominant negative mutant of the FGF receptor disrupts mesoderm formation in Xenopus embryos.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Beck,
Beyond early development: Xenopus as an emerging model for the study of regenerative mechanisms.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Beck,
Molecular pathways needed for regeneration of spinal cord and muscle in a vertebrate.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Beck,
Notch is required for outgrowth of the Xenopus tail bud.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Beck,
Analysis of the developing Xenopus tail bud reveals separate phases of gene expression during determination and outgrowth.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Beck,
A developmental pathway controlling outgrowth of the Xenopus tail bud.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Beck,
The role of BMP signaling in outgrowth and patterning of the Xenopus tail bud.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Beck,
Temporal requirement for bone morphogenetic proteins in regeneration of the tail and limb of Xenopus tadpoles.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Brockes,
Glial growth factor and nerve-dependent proliferation in the regeneration blastema of Urodele amphibians.
1986,
Pubmed Chen,
Control of muscle regeneration in the Xenopus tadpole tail by Pax7.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Contreras,
Early requirement of Hyaluronan for tail regeneration in Xenopus tadpoles.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Das,
Multiple thyroid hormone-induced muscle growth and death programs during metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Das,
Controlling transgene expression to study Xenopus laevis metamorphosis.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase de Felipe,
Co-translational, intraribosomal cleavage of polypeptides by the foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A peptide.
2003,
Pubmed DENT,
Limb regeneration in larvae and metamorphosing individuals of the South African clawed toad.
1962,
Pubmed Filoni,
Comparative analysis of the regenerative capacity of caudal spinal cord in larvae of serveral Anuran amphibian species.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Franchini,
Tail regenerative capacity and iNOS immunolocalization in Xenopus laevis tadpoles.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gargioli,
Cell lineage tracing during Xenopus tail regeneration.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gawantka,
Gene expression screening in Xenopus identifies molecular pathways, predicts gene function and provides a global view of embryonic patterning.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Glinka,
Dickkopf-1 is a member of a new family of secreted proteins and functions in head induction.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Gont,
Tail formation as a continuation of gastrulation: the multiple cell populations of the Xenopus tailbud derive from the late blastopore lip.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ho,
TGF-beta signaling is required for multiple processes during Xenopus tail regeneration.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ibrahimi,
Highly efficient multicistronic lentiviral vectors with peptide 2A sequences.
2009,
Pubmed Kawakami,
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates vertebrate limb regeneration.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kelly,
Induction and patterning of the vertebrate nervous system.
1995,
Pubmed Kintner,
Monoclonal antibodies identify blastemal cells derived from dedifferentiating limb regeneration.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kragl,
Cells keep a memory of their tissue origin during axolotl limb regeneration.
2009,
Pubmed Kroll,
Transgenic Xenopus embryos from sperm nuclear transplantations reveal FGF signaling requirements during gastrulation.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kumar,
Molecular basis for the nerve dependence of limb regeneration in an adult vertebrate.
2007,
Pubmed Lin,
Requirement for Wnt and FGF signaling in Xenopus tadpole tail regeneration.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lin,
Regeneration of neural crest derivatives in the Xenopus tadpole tail.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mao,
LDL-receptor-related protein 6 is a receptor for Dickkopf proteins.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Marsh-Armstrong,
Germ-line transmission of transgenes in Xenopus laevis.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mochii,
Tail regeneration in the Xenopus tadpole.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mohun,
Upstream sequences required for tissue-specific activation of the cardiac actin gene in Xenopus laevis embryos.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Molenaar,
XTcf-3 transcription factor mediates beta-catenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mondia,
Long-distance signals are required for morphogenesis of the regenerating Xenopus tadpole tail, as shown by femtosecond-laser ablation.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Poss,
Roles for Fgf signaling during zebrafish fin regeneration.
2000,
Pubmed Poss,
Advances in understanding tissue regenerative capacity and mechanisms in animals.
2010,
Pubmed Rinkevich,
Germ-layer and lineage-restricted stem/progenitors regenerate the mouse digit tip.
2011,
Pubmed SINGER,
The influence of the nerve in regeneration of the amphibian extremity.
1952,
Pubmed Slack,
The Xenopus tadpole: a new model for regeneration research.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Stoick-Cooper,
Distinct Wnt signaling pathways have opposing roles in appendage regeneration.
2007,
Pubmed Sugiura,
Xenopus Wnt-5a induces an ectopic larval tail at injured site, suggesting a crucial role for noncanonical Wnt signal in tail regeneration.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Taniguchi,
Spinal cord is required for proper regeneration of the tail in Xenopus tadpoles.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Trichas,
Use of the viral 2A peptide for bicistronic expression in transgenic mice.
2008,
Pubmed Tseng,
Apoptosis is required during early stages of tail regeneration in Xenopus laevis.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tu,
Fate restriction in the growing and regenerating zebrafish fin.
2011,
Pubmed Tucker,
Independent induction and formation of the dorsal and ventral fins in Xenopus laevis.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tucker,
Tail bud determination in the vertebrate embryo.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Woodland,
Mesoderm induction in the future tail region of Xenopus.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Yokoyama,
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling has an essential role in the initiation of limb regeneration.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
