Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
J Biochem
2016 Jun 01;1596:619-29. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvw003.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Physicochemical and biological characterizations of Pxt peptides from amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis) skin.
Shigeri Y, Horie M, Yoshida T, Hagihara Y, Imura T, Inagaki H, Haramoto Y, Ito Y, Asashima M.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Pxt peptides (Pxt-1 through Pxt-12) have been isolated from amphibian, Xenopus tropicalis Pxt-related peptides (Pxt-2, Pxt-5, Pxt-12, reverse Pxt-2, reverse Pxt-5 and reverse Pxt-12) with significant foaming properties were further characterized. In the physicochemical experiments, all Pxt-related peptides formed significant amphiphilic α-helices in 50% 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol by circular dichroism measurements. Among Pxt-related peptides, both Pxt-5 and reverse Pxt-5 were the most effective in reducing their surface tensions. Moreover, Pxt-2, Pxt-5 and reverse Pxt-5 produced constant surface tensions above their critical association concentrations, suggesting the micelle-like assemblies. In the biological experiments, Pxt-5 possessed the most potent hemolytic activity, while reverse Pxt-5 exhibited the most remarkable gene expression of interleukin 8 and heme oxygenase 1 and the most potent cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells. In contrast, Pxt-12 and reverse Pxt-12 were much weaker in antimicrobial assays for Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts, as well as in hemolytic, cell viability and cytotoxicity assays in HaCaT cells. All Pxt-related peptides exhibited about 20-50% of the total cellular histamine release at 10(-5) M, as well as mastoparan and melittin in mast cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the gene expressions of Pxt-5 in testis and Pxt-12 in muscle, in addition to skin, while Pxt-2 was only in skin.
Akagi,
Antiallergic effects of terfenadine on immediate type hypersensitivity reactions.
1987, Pubmed
Akagi,
Antiallergic effects of terfenadine on immediate type hypersensitivity reactions.
1987,
Pubmed Ali,
Antimicrobial peptides isolated from skin secretions of the diploid frog, Xenopus tropicalis (Pipidae).
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Boukamp,
Normal keratinization in a spontaneously immortalized aneuploid human keratinocyte cell line.
1988,
Pubmed Conlon,
The contribution of skin antimicrobial peptides to the system of innate immunity in anurans.
2011,
Pubmed Forood,
Stabilization of alpha-helical structures in short peptides via end capping.
1993,
Pubmed Habermann,
Bee and wasp venoms.
1972,
Pubmed Hellsten,
The genome of the Western clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hirai,
A new mast cell degranulating peptide "mastoparan" in the venom of Vespula lewisii.
1979,
Pubmed Horie,
Dispersant affects the cellular influences of single-wall carbon nanotube: the role of CNT as carrier of dispersants.
2013,
Pubmed Imura,
Surfactant-like properties of an amphiphilic α-helical peptide leading to lipid nanodisc formation.
2014,
Pubmed Inagaki,
Molecular cloning and biological characterization of novel antimicrobial peptides, pilosulin 3 and pilosulin 4, from a species of the Australian ant genus Myrmecia.
2004,
Pubmed Inagaki,
Pilosulin 5, a novel histamine-releasing peptide of the Australian ant, Myrmecia pilosula (Jack Jumper Ant).
2008,
Pubmed Kikuchi,
Heme oxygenase and heme degradation.
2005,
Pubmed König,
The diversity and evolution of anuran skin peptides.
2015,
Pubmed Kyte,
A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein.
1982,
Pubmed Lagunoff,
Agents that release histamine from mast cells.
1983,
Pubmed Matsuzaki,
Magainins as paradigm for the mode of action of pore forming polypeptides.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Moore,
Antimicrobial peptides in the stomach of Xenopus laevis.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mor,
Isolation, amino acid sequence, and synthesis of dermaseptin, a novel antimicrobial peptide of amphibian skin.
1991,
Pubmed Morikawa,
Brevinin-1 and -2, unique antimicrobial peptides from the skin of the frog, Rana brevipoda porsa.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Powers,
The relationship between peptide structure and antibacterial activity.
2003,
Pubmed Raingeaud,
Interleukin-4 downregulates TNFalpha-induced IL-8 production in keratinocytes.
2005,
Pubmed Reilly,
A Paneth cell analogue in Xenopus small intestine expresses antimicrobial peptide genes: conservation of an intestinal host-defense system.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Roelants,
Origin and functional diversification of an amphibian defense peptide arsenal.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Roelants,
Identical skin toxins by convergent molecular adaptation in frogs.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Shigeri,
Identification of novel peptides from amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis) skin by direct tissue MALDI-MS analysis.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Steinberg,
Designer assays for antimicrobial peptides. Disputing the "one-size-fits-all" theory.
1997,
Pubmed Tabei,
In vitro evaluation of the cellular effect of indium tin oxide nanoparticles using the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.
2015,
Pubmed Terwilliger,
The structure of melittin. II. Interpretation of the structure.
1982,
Pubmed Wakamatsu,
Dimer structure of magainin 2 bound to phospholipid vesicles.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Wang,
APD2: the updated antimicrobial peptide database and its application in peptide design.
2009,
Pubmed White,
CC chemokine receptors and chronic inflammation--therapeutic opportunities and pharmacological challenges.
2013,
Pubmed Zasloff,
Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms.
2002,
Pubmed
