Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Mol Biol Cell
2002 Feb 01;132:632-45. doi: 10.1091/mbc.01-05-0264.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Mutation of YCS4, a budding yeast condensin subunit, affects mitotic and nonmitotic chromosome behavior.
Bhalla N, Biggins S, Murray AW.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The budding yeast YCS4 gene encodes a conserved regulatory subunit of the condensin complex. We isolated an allele of this gene in a screen for mutants defective in sister chromatid separation or segregation. The phenotype of the ycs4-1 mutant is similar to topoisomerase II mutants and distinct from the esp1-1 mutant: the topological resolution of sister chromatids is compromised in ycs4-1 despite normal removal of cohesins from mitotic chromosomes. Consistent with a role in sister separation, YCS4 function is required to localize DNA topoisomerase I and II to chromosomes. Unlike its homologs in Xenopus and fission yeast, Ycs4p is associated with chromatin throughout the cell cycle; the only change in localization occurs during anaphase when the protein is enriched at the nucleolus. This relocalization may reveal the specific challenge that segregation of the transcriptionally hyperactive, repetitive array of rDNA genes can present during mitosis. Indeed, segregation of the nucleolus is abnormal in ycs4-1 at the nonpermissive temperature. Interrepeat recombination in the rDNA array is specifically elevated in ycs4-1 at the permissive temperature, suggesting that the Ycs4p plays a role at the array aside from its segregation. Furthermore, ycs4-1 is defective in silencing at the mating type loci at the permissive temperature. Taken together, our data suggest that there are mitotic as well as nonmitotic chromosomal abnormalities associated with loss of condensin function in budding yeast.
Aris,
Identification and characterization of a yeast nucleolar protein that is similar to a rat liver nucleolar protein.
1988, Pubmed
Aris,
Identification and characterization of a yeast nucleolar protein that is similar to a rat liver nucleolar protein.
1988,
Pubmed Bhat,
Chromatid segregation at anaphase requires the barren product, a novel chromosome-associated protein that interacts with Topoisomerase II.
1996,
Pubmed Biggins,
Genes involved in sister chromatid separation and segregation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
2001,
Pubmed Biggins,
Sister chromatid cohesion in mitosis.
1999,
Pubmed Biggins,
The conserved protein kinase Ipl1 regulates microtubule binding to kinetochores in budding yeast.
1999,
Pubmed Bryk,
Transcriptional silencing of Ty1 elements in the RDN1 locus of yeast.
1997,
Pubmed Christman,
Mitotic recombination in the rDNA of S. cerevisiae is suppressed by the combined action of DNA topoisomerases I and II.
1988,
Pubmed Ciosk,
An ESP1/PDS1 complex regulates loss of sister chromatid cohesion at the metaphase to anaphase transition in yeast.
1998,
Pubmed Cohen-Fix,
Anaphase initiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled by the APC-dependent degradation of the anaphase inhibitor Pds1p.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Cubizolles,
pEg7, a new Xenopus protein required for mitotic chromosome condensation in egg extracts.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dernburg,
Mapping three-dimensional chromosome architecture in situ.
1998,
Pubmed DiNardo,
DNA topoisomerase II mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: topoisomerase II is required for segregation of daughter molecules at the termination of DNA replication.
1984,
Pubmed Freeman,
The condensin complex governs chromosome condensation and mitotic transmission of rDNA.
2000,
Pubmed Fritze,
Direct evidence for SIR2 modulation of chromatin structure in yeast rDNA.
1997,
Pubmed Gangloff,
Gene conversion plays the major role in controlling the stability of large tandem repeats in yeast.
1996,
Pubmed Guacci,
Chromosome condensation and sister chromatid pairing in budding yeast.
1994,
Pubmed Guacci,
A direct link between sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation revealed through the analysis of MCD1 in S. cerevisiae.
1997,
Pubmed Hieter,
Mitotic stability of yeast chromosomes: a colony color assay that measures nondisjunction and chromosome loss.
1985,
Pubmed Hirano,
A heterodimeric coiled-coil protein required for mitotic chromosome condensation in vitro.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hirano,
SMC-mediated chromosome mechanics: a conserved scheme from bacteria to vertebrates?
1999,
Pubmed Hirano,
Condensins, chromosome condensation protein complexes containing XCAP-C, XCAP-E and a Xenopus homolog of the Drosophila Barren protein.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Holm,
DNA topoisomerase II is required at the time of mitosis in yeast.
1985,
Pubmed Holm,
DNA topoisomerase II must act at mitosis to prevent nondisjunction and chromosome breakage.
1989,
Pubmed Holmes,
Closing the ring: links between SMC proteins and chromosome partitioning, condensation, and supercoiling.
2000,
Pubmed Hoyt,
S. cerevisiae genes required for cell cycle arrest in response to loss of microtubule function.
1991,
Pubmed Kellogg,
NAP1 acts with Clb1 to perform mitotic functions and to suppress polar bud growth in budding yeast.
1995,
Pubmed Kim,
A subthreshold level of DNA topoisomerases leads to the excision of yeast rDNA as extrachromosomal rings.
1989,
Pubmed Kimura,
ATP-dependent positive supercoiling of DNA by 13S condensin: a biochemical implication for chromosome condensation.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kimura,
13S condensin actively reconfigures DNA by introducing global positive writhe: implications for chromosome condensation.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kimura,
Phosphorylation and activation of 13S condensin by Cdc2 in vitro.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lavoie,
Mitotic chromosome condensation requires Brn1p, the yeast homologue of Barren.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Li,
Feedback control of mitosis in budding yeast.
1991,
Pubmed Loidl,
Genetic and morphological approaches for the analysis of meiotic chromosomes in yeast.
1998,
Pubmed Longtine,
Additional modules for versatile and economical PCR-based gene deletion and modification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1998,
Pubmed Losada,
Identification of Xenopus SMC protein complexes required for sister chromatid cohesion.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lupo,
Drosophila chromosome condensation proteins Topoisomerase II and Barren colocalize with Polycomb and maintain Fab-7 PRE silencing.
2001,
Pubmed Marshall,
Interphase chromosomes undergo constrained diffusional motion in living cells.
1997,
Pubmed Meyer,
Sex in the wormcounting and compensating X-chromosome dose.
2000,
Pubmed Michaelis,
Cohesins: chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids.
1997,
Pubmed Nasmyth,
Splitting the chromosome: cutting the ties that bind sister chromatids.
2000,
Pubmed Nierras,
Does Saccharomyces need an organized nucleolus?
1997,
Pubmed Ouspenski,
Chromosome condensation factor Brn1p is required for chromatid separation in mitosis.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Saka,
Fission yeast cut3 and cut14, members of a ubiquitous protein family, are required for chromosome condensation and segregation in mitosis.
1994,
Pubmed Sawitzke,
Suppression of chromosome segregation defects of Escherichia coli muk mutants by mutations in topoisomerase I.
2000,
Pubmed Schmiesing,
Identification of two distinct human SMC protein complexes involved in mitotic chromosome dynamics.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Schneider,
Use of polymerase chain reaction epitope tagging for protein tagging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1995,
Pubmed Shamu,
Sister chromatid separation in frog egg extracts requires DNA topoisomerase II activity during anaphase.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sikorski,
A system of shuttle vectors and yeast host strains designed for efficient manipulation of DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1989,
Pubmed Smith,
An unusual form of transcriptional silencing in yeast ribosomal DNA.
1997,
Pubmed Smith,
An allele of RFA1 suppresses RAD52-dependent double-strand break repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1999,
Pubmed Spencer,
Mitotic chromosome transmission fidelity mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1990,
Pubmed Straight,
Mitosis in living budding yeast: anaphase A but no metaphase plate.
1997,
Pubmed Straight,
GFP tagging of budding yeast chromosomes reveals that protein-protein interactions can mediate sister chromatid cohesion.
1996,
Pubmed Strunnikov,
SMC1: an essential yeast gene encoding a putative head-rod-tail protein is required for nuclear division and defines a new ubiquitous protein family.
1993,
Pubmed Strunnikov,
SMC2, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene essential for chromosome segregation and condensation, defines a subgroup within the SMC family.
1995,
Pubmed Sundin,
Arrest of segregation leads to accumulation of highly intertwined catenated dimers: dissection of the final stages of SV40 DNA replication.
1981,
Pubmed Sundin,
Terminal stages of SV40 DNA replication proceed via multiply intertwined catenated dimers.
1980,
Pubmed Sutani,
Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC subunits for condensation and Cdc2 phosphorylation of Cut3/SMC4.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sutani,
DNA renaturation activity of the SMC complex implicated in chromosome condensation.
1997,
Pubmed Tomonaga,
Characterization of fission yeast cohesin: essential anaphase proteolysis of Rad21 phosphorylated in the S phase.
2000,
Pubmed Tóth,
Yeast cohesin complex requires a conserved protein, Eco1p(Ctf7), to establish cohesion between sister chromatids during DNA replication.
1999,
Pubmed Uemura,
DNA topoisomerase II is required for condensation and separation of mitotic chromosomes in S. pombe.
1987,
Pubmed Uhlmann,
Cleavage of cohesin by the CD clan protease separin triggers anaphase in yeast.
2000,
Pubmed Uhlmann,
Cohesion between sister chromatids must be established during DNA replication.
1998,
Pubmed Uhlmann,
Sister-chromatid separation at anaphase onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1.
1999,
Pubmed Whiteway,
The ARD1 gene of yeast functions in the switch between the mitotic cell cycle and alternative developmental pathways.
1985,
Pubmed
