Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2001 Nov 20;9824:13728-33. doi: 10.1073/pnas.241471598.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Evidence that androgens are the primary steroids produced by Xenopus laevis ovaries and may signal through the classical androgen receptor to promote oocyte maturation.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Steroid-induced maturation of Xenopus oocytes has long served as a model for studying meiosis. Progesterone has been considered the relevant steroid controlling maturation, perhaps through interactions with classical progesterone receptors. In this study, we provide evidence that androgens, rather than progesterone, are the physiologic mediators of Xenopus oocyte maturation. Androgens were equal or more potent activators of maturation in vitro relative to progesterone and were significantly more abundant in the serum and ovaries of beta-human chorionic growth hormone-stimulated frogs. Androgen action appeared to be mediated by classical androgen receptors (ARs) expressed in oocytes, as androgen-induced maturation and signaling was specifically attenuated by AR antagonists. Interestingly, we found that progesterone was rapidly converted to the androgen androstenedione in isolated oocytes by the enzyme CYP17, suggesting that androgens may be promoting maturation even under conditions typical for "progesterone-mediated" maturation assays. Androgens are thought to play an important role in ovarian development as well as pathology, and signaling through the AR may prove to be a major regulatory mechanism mediating these processes.
Bayaa,
The classical progesterone receptor mediates Xenopus oocyte maturation through a nongenomic mechanism.
2000, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Bayaa,
The classical progesterone receptor mediates Xenopus oocyte maturation through a nongenomic mechanism.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Deslypere,
Testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone interact differently with the androgen receptor to enhance transcription of the MMTV-CAT reporter gene.
1992,
Pubmed el-Zein,
The dynamics of the steroidogenic response of perifused Xenopus ovarian explants to gonadotropins.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ferrell,
The biochemical basis of an all-or-none cell fate switch in Xenopus oocytes.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Fortune,
Steroid production by Xenopus ovarian follicles at different developmental stages.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Franke,
Hormonal doping and androgenization of athletes: a secret program of the German Democratic Republic government.
1997,
Pubmed Gao,
Transcriptional activation and transient expression of the human androgen receptor.
1996,
Pubmed Gower,
Modifiers of steroid-hormone metabolism: a review of their chemistry, biochemistry and clinical applications.
1974,
Pubmed Kousteni,
Nongenotropic, sex-nonspecific signaling through the estrogen or androgen receptors: dissociation from transcriptional activity.
2001,
Pubmed Lee,
Medroxyprogesterone acetate and dexamethasone are competitive inhibitors of different human steroidogenic enzymes.
1999,
Pubmed Lin,
Steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities of P450c17: contributions of serine106 and P450 reductase.
1993,
Pubmed Lutz,
G protein beta gamma subunits inhibit nongenomic progesterone-induced signaling and maturation in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Evidence for a release of inhibition mechanism for cell cycle progression.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lydon,
Reproductive phenotpes of the progesterone receptor null mutant mouse.
1996,
Pubmed Maller,
Regulation of oocyte maturation.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Masui,
Cytoplasmic control of nuclear behavior during meiotic maturation of frog oocytes.
1971,
Pubmed Mulner,
Steroid biosynthesis by ovarian follicles of Xenopus laevis in vitro during oogenesis.
1978,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Nagahama,
17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, a maturation-inducing hormone in fish oocytes: mechanisms of synthesis and action.
1997,
Pubmed Nakajin,
Microsomal cytochrome P-450 from neonatal pig testis: two enzymatic activities (17 alpha-hydroxylase and c17,20-lyase) associated with one protein.
1981,
Pubmed Nelson,
Augmented androgen production is a stable steroidogenic phenotype of propagated theca cells from polycystic ovaries.
1999,
Pubmed Newport,
Regulation of the cell cycle during early Xenopus development.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Reynhout,
Evidence for steroid metabolism during the in vitro induction of maturation in oocytes of Rana pipiens.
1973,
Pubmed Rhéaume,
Structure and expression of a new complementary DNA encoding the almost exclusive 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-delta 4-isomerase in human adrenals and gonads.
1991,
Pubmed Schatz,
5beta-reductive pathway of progesterone metabolism in the amphibian ovarian cytosol.
1975,
Pubmed Smith,
Role of the oocyte nucleus in physiological maturation in Rana pipiens.
1969,
Pubmed Smith,
The interaction of steroids with Rana pipiens Oocytes in the induction of maturation.
1971,
Pubmed Thibier-Fouchet,
Progesterone biosynthesis and metabolism by ovarian follicles and isolated oocytes Xenopus laevis.
1976,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tian,
Identification of XPR-1, a progesterone receptor required for Xenopus oocyte activation.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Vu,
Molecular cloning of a functional thrombin receptor reveals a novel proteolytic mechanism of receptor activation.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Williams,
Expression of receptors for cholecystokinin and other Ca2+-mobilizing hormones in Xenopus oocytes.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Zuber,
Expression of bovine 17 alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450 cDNA in nonsteroidogenic (COS 1) cells.
1986,
Pubmed
